Health Psychology Pharmacology Note

1. What is health psychology? 2. What is health promotion and an example? 3. What is maintenance of good health and an example? 4. What is prevention of illness and an example? 5. What is treatment of illness and an example? 6. What is disease aetiology and an example? 7. What is disease pathophysiology and an example? 8. What are the two Clinical and Public (Community) main areas of health psychology? 9. What is clinical psychology? A field which integrates science, theory, and practice to understand, predict, and alleviate maladjustment, disability, and discomfort as well as to promote human adaptation,adjustment, and personal development". This emphasis the focus on behaviour change both within individuals and populations 1/3 10. What is Public psychology? Aims to investigate potential causal links between psychosocial factors and health at the population level in order to promote better public health. 11. What is total health? WHO : a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. 12. What is mental health? WHO : state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. 13. Bauman(1961) 1. General sense of wellbeing (feelings) what did his 2. Absence of symptoms of disease (symptom orientation) group of patients 3. Things a physically only fit person can do (performance) come up with as the definition of good health? 14. What was difThey were not healthy patients themselves. ferent about the group of patients in Bauman (1961) experiment? 15. What was Blax- Asked 9000 people a questionnaire on health and illness ter (1990) experi- but 10% could not describe healthiness. There were 6 ment about? categories: Health as not ill, health as reserve, health as behaviour, health as physical fitness and vitality, health as psychosocial wellbeing and health as function. 16. How has attitudes to illnesses progressed through the ages? In early ages, there were views that illness was due to being possessed by evil and sorcery. Then it was thought to do with an imbalance of bodily fluids (humours). But finally after more in depth discovery of the human anatomy, the biomedical model of illness came about. 17. 2/3 What is the bio- Suggests that a symptom of illness is always due to an medical model of underlying pathology, i.e. something physically wrong with illness? the body, and that therefore it can usually be cured by medical treatment. 18. What is Acknowledges that there is also a psychological compothe biopsychoso- nent to illness and disease. It allows for subjectivity due cial model? to the "action of the mind". Takes into account: Behaviour, emotions, cognition and personality. 19. What is the health continuum? Where people move between good health and illness continuously regardless of the illness being physical or mental or been cured vs. stabilised. 20. What are health inequalities? WHO: systemic differences in the health status of different population groups. 21. What are health inequities? WHO : Health inequities are avoidable inequalities in health between groups of people within countries and between countries. 22. What are the 4 1. Giving every child the best start in life. policy objectives 2. Ensuring a healthy standard of living for all. related to health? 3. Creating and developing sustainable places and communities. 4. Strengthening the role and impact of ill-health prevention 23. What 3 compo- Cognitive, Emotional and Behavioural nents are attitudes believed to be made up of? 3/3