University:
University of Wolverhampton
Course:
4PY019 | Pharmacy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

385

Pages:

3
Author:

Sara

What are the functions of the skin? (P.T.S.D) Protection, Thermoregulation, Sensory and D vitamin synthesis What are the 3 main layers of the skin? Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis (subcutaneous) What lies under the subcutaneous tissue layer? Muscle Intradermal injections target which layer of the skin and at what angle? The dermis at 10-15 degrees Subcutaneous injections target which layer of the skin and at what angle? The hypodermic/subcutaneous tissue at 45-90 degrees Intramuscular injections target which layer and at what angle? The muscle at 90 degrees What are the 4 types of cells within the epidermis? Keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Melanocytes, Merkel cells Does the epidermis contain blood vessels? No, it is avascular What is the function of keratinocytes? Produces keratin What is the function of melanocytes? Produces melanin pigment Where do Langerhans cells come from? Bone marrow What is the function of Langerhans cells? To provide immunity What is the function of Merkel cells? Form touch receptors with sensory neurons How many layers of cells are there in the epidermis? 5 distinctive strata Stratum Basale (germinativum) function? Get oxygen and nutrients from via diffusion from nearby blood vessels in the dermis. Stratum Spinosum function? strength and flexibility 8;10 layers held together by desmosomes. Stratum Granulosum function? Stratum lucidum function? 1/3 Stratum corneum function? How are keratinocytes produced? Epidermal stem cells in the basal layer divide to replace themselves How do cells function in the lower stra- The get oxygen and nutrients via capillartums and what happens as the migrate ies in the dermis. As cells move upwards upwards? they don't need this as they die. What is Psoriasis? A chronic skin disorder where skin sheds quickly (in 7-10 days) as flaky silvery looking scales. What is psoriasis caused by? Abnormal keratin production What is the anatomy of the dermis? Connective tissue layer composed of collagen and elastic fibres, fibroblasts, macrophages and fat cells. What does the dermis contain? Hair follicles, glands, nerves and blood vessels. What are the two major regions of the dermis? papillary and reticular What percentage of the dermis is the papillary region? Top 20% What is the papillary region composed loose connective tissue and elastic fibers of? Attaches the epidermis to the dermis, What is the function of the papillary re- contains capillaries that feed the epigion? dermis and receptors that control touch, pain and temperature. What percentage of the dermis is the reticular region? Bottom 80% What is the reticular region composed of? Dense irregular connective tissue What is the function of the reticular re- provides strength, extensibility, and elasgion? ticity to skin. What are the 4 functions of hair on the Prevents heat loss, decreases sunburn, skin? eyelashes help protect eyes. 2/3 What are the 4 skin glands? Sebaceous, Sudoriferous, ceruminous and mammary Which gland is associated with oils? Sebaceous gland Which gland is associated with sweat? Sudoriferous gland Which gland is associated with wax? Ceruminous gland Which gland is associated with milk? Mammary gland 3/3