University:
University of Wolverhampton
Course:
4PY019 | Pharmacy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

494

Pages:

2
Author:

Sara

What are the states of matter? solid, liquid, gas, plasma What forces are involved in solids? hydrogen bonding van der waal What are solids divided into? crystalline and amorphous. molecules packed together in a regular order. Describe the structure and properties of thermodynamically stable. a crystalline? has a melting point. typically small molecules. no long range order regular structure. thermodynamically unstable. Describe the structure and properties of glass transition temperature (no melting a amorphous? point) typically polymers. each bond has equal energy to break (distance of atoms and force) Why does crystalline have a melting point? Why does amorphous not have a clear melting point? different bonds and each requiring different energies to break. What crystal polymorphs? same molecules in different crystal forms. What type of solid is erythromycin? crystalline. various polymorphs. Describe the dissolution process? each ion in ionic substance and each molecule in covalent substance gets separated from other molecules or ions and is surrounded by solvent molecules Define enthalpy? energy of a system Define entropy? disorder or randomness in a system 1/2 What are the rules for dissolution to happen? lower enthalpy (energy) increase entropy What is the rate limiting step in absorption? dissolution time. How can crystals be produced? evaporating solvent from solution. precipitate. need a supersaturated solution. Explain how crystal can be formed from supersaturated solutions are instable solution? and solute will crystallise out by: evaporation, cooling, or adding antisolvent. What stars crystallisation? nucleation What is nucleation? formation of small mass onto which a crystal can grow. Why is a supersaturated solution needed for crystal formations? to allow nucleation process to occur. What is the common lattice types? bravais lattices. Define enantotropic. multiple polymorph structures are thermodynamically stable. Define monotropic. only one lattice structure is thermodynamically stable and all other will eventually return to it. 2/2