Safety Pharmacology and Toxicity | University of Wolverhampton

University:
University of Wolverhampton
Course:
4PY019 | Pharmacy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

377

Pages:

2
Author:

Sara

1. What does safety the risk of rare lethal events pharmacology predict? 2. What are some of - detecting adverse effect liability the key aspects of - safety margin calculation safety pharmacolo- - clinical safety monitoring gy? 3. What is a challenge - because there isn't a widely recognised standard for in safety pharmacol- assessing the risks of adverse effects ogy? - it's harder to confirm whether the methods used in safety testing are accurate + reliable 4. Define toxicity in drugs? the degree of strength of a poison 5. It isn't just the toxicity of a drug that needs to be tested but also what? - how these drugs interact with each other - what effects this may have on efficacy + toxicity 6. What are the 6 types - changes in biochemistry of clinical manifes- - growth tations? - morphology - development - physiology - lifespan 7. True or false: true The route + rate of exposure is a crucial factor is toxicity? 8. What is type A toxic- - dose dependent ity? - predictable 9. What are IDR's (idio- - not related to drug dose + vary among individuals due syncratic) to genetic factors 1/2 - difficult to detect + predict due to to their idiosyncratic nature 10. What is NOAEL + LOEL important for understanding about a drug? dose-threshold limit for toxicity 11. What are the 3 met- - TD50 rics used to mea- LD50 sure drug toxicity? - TI 12. What is a limitation they often generate false positives + negatives due to to in vitro testing? their simplistic nature compared to the complexity of biological systems 13. What is a benefit of it can closely mimic biological systems + allow for in vivo testing? the assessment of complex physiological responses + metabolic processes 14. How do computers use chemical structures when determining a drug toxicity? - by detecting structural alerts - researchers prioritise compounds for deeper evaluation - enhancing safety screening efficiency 15. What do pharmacophores do? pharmacophores denote vital functional groups driving a drug's activity 16. What are toxophores responsible for? drugs harmful effects 17. What do bioisosteres do? they substitute toxicophores during drug development to reduce toxicity without compromising efficacy 2/2