University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

345

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

HIV & AIDS US + Europe: much more control West Africa, Southern Africa: HIV-1 is more common HIV infects immune cells Targets CD4+ T cells gp120 molecule on HIV envelope must bind to CD4 molecule on T cell to enter Also needs co-receptor (CCR5 or CXCR4) to enter cell Once inside cell, HIV releases RNA, which is reverse transcribed into DNA DNA integrates into host cell DNA Viral proteins transcribed and translated New viruses bud off from cell membrane Immune system initially fights back If HIV replicates faster than immune system, it can overwhelm it CD4+ T cell count drops below 200-300/mm³ → AIDS Opportunistic infections Oral candidiasis Persistent fever Weight loss Fatigue Lymphadenopathy Skin lesions Recurrent pneumonia Persistent diarrhea Kaposi's sarcoma Cervical cancer HIV-related cognitive impairment Acute Stage Flu-like symptoms Fever Fatigue Swollen lymph nodes Rash Sore throat Loss of 1-2 billion T cells Most people don't get sick 10-12 years Chronic Stage Immune system weakens More susceptible to infections Some develop AIDS CD4+ T cell count drops below 200-300/mm³ Opportunistic infections