University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

322

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Neisseria Common Traits Gram-negative cocci Diplococcus (coffee bean shape) Normal flora of mucous membranes Aerobic/facultative anaerobe N. gonorrhoeae - Virulence Factors Fimbriae - attachment to mucosal epithelium IgA protease - inactivates IgA Pili - adherence to urethral columnar epithelium N. gonorrhoeae - Epidemiology & Pathogenesis Human pathogen (only) Asymptomatic carriage ~50% in females ~10% in males Top 5 STO Poor survival in environment (minutes) N. gonorrhoeae - Clinical Disease Male - urethritis, cystitis, asymptomatic Female - cervicitis, asymptomatic, PID, bacteremia Resistant to antibiotics N. meningitidis - Virulence Factors Fimbriae - aids attachment to mucosal epithelium Capsule - protects from phagocytosis Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) - endotoxin IgA proteases N. meningitidis - Epidemiology & Pathogenesis Normal flora of nasopharynx (5-15%) Spread via saliva, respiratory secretions Invade after influenza Local tissue damage exposes cells to colonize N. meningitidis - Clinical Disease Meningitis Rapid onset, neurological symptoms, endotoxin causing hemorrhagic shock → can be fatal Tx with IV penicillin, cephalosporin Prophylactic Tx of family members, medical personnel, and children in close contact with patient 1° vaccine has specific purified capsular antigens