University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

132

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Goitre Definition: • • Nonspecific term that describes the enlargement of the thyroid gland. It occurs in various conditions. Examples include: - • Diffuse - • - A solitary thyroid nodule refers to the presence of a single lump or nodule within the thyroid gland. Most are benign. Toxic goiter (Graves’ Disease) - • Nodules can vary in size and may be benign or rare malignant. Multinodular goiter often occurs in areas where iodine deficiency is not prevalent, and the exact cause is not fully understood. Solitary thyroid nodule - • Diffuse goiter refers to a uniform enlargement of the entire thyroid gland. It is commonly associated with iodine deficiency or certain autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis or Graves' disease. In iodine-deficient regions, the lack of iodine impairs thyroid hormone synthesis, leading to increased stimulation of the thyroid gland by the pituitary hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), resulting in gland enlargement. In autoimmune diseases, antibodies produced by the immune system can stimulate the thyroid gland, causing it to enlarge. Multinodular goiter - • Iodine deficiency Autoimmune diseases Thyroid nodules Medications Excess thyroid production. Associated with symptoms such as weight loss, palpitations, anxiety and exophthalmos. Colloid goiter - Also called simple or nontoxic goiter and is caused by longer term iodine deficiency. Characterised by enlargement without hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Colloid goiter is characterised by an accumulation of colloid within the thyroid follicles.