University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

172

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

T2DM Complications Gastrointestinal Gastroparesis Delayed gastric emptying Nausea, vomiting Bloating Early satiety Abdominal pain Constipation Neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy Loss of sensation Burning, tingling Muscle weakness Decreased reflexes Autonomic neuropathy Multiple organs affected Bladder dysfunction Diarrhea Constipation Erectile dysfunction Sweating abnormalities Gastroparesis Nephropathy Glucose spills into urine Thickened tubular basement membrane Collagen deposition Inflammation Nodules within mesangium Hyaline arteriolosclerosis Glomerulosclerosis Vessel narrowing ↓ blood supply ↓ filtration Glomerulosclerosis Proteinuria Edema Hypertension Renal failure Retinopathy Small blood vessels Poor glucose control Thickened basement membrane Vessel narrowing Aneurysms Microaneurysms Hemorrhages Exudates Macular edema Glaucoma Blindness Cardiovascular ↑ risk of atherosclerosis Thrombotic events Heart failure Tumor necrosis factor-α ↑ M cells & macrophages ↑ pro-inflammatory cytokines Plaque rupture Balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines