University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

333

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

X-rays, UVs and Tanning Beds X-Rays • • • use ionising radiation causes molecules in the cell to be broken -> breaks the cell apart damaged the DNA -> alters it -> mutations such as uncontrolled cell division and apoptosis. This is because it alters telomeres which shorten as the cell divides and promotes the formation of telomerases which extends the shortened telomeres, thus giving cells a large ability of cell division. As a result, this overcomes restrictions on cell replication capacity UVs • UVA - Higher wavelength Lowest energy levels More penetrating than UVB -> affect cells deeper in the skin Skin ages prematurely -> wrinkles Not absorbed by ozone layer Cause immediate tanning and may also cause sunburn Main type of UV used in tanning beds Can penetrate though window and clouds Mechanism of causing damage: UVA penetrates deeply into the skin (the dermis) causing genetic damage to cells, photo-ageing (wrinkling, blotchiness etc) and immune-suppression. • UVB - Shorter wave length High energy levels Directly damage the DNA Cause cancer and contribute to kin aging prematurely Partially absorbed by ozone layer Also used in tanning beds Over exposure can cause sunburns Effects are usually delayed or appear few hours after sun exposure Also used by tanning beds Cannot penetrate windows and are more likely to be filtered Mechanism of how it causes the damage: Too much UV radiation from the sun or sunbeds can damage the DNA in our skin cells. DNA tells our cells how to function. If enough DNA damage builds up over time, it can cause cells to start growing out of control, which can lead to skin cancer. • UVC - Shortest wave length Highest energy levels Cause serious damage to all life forms Completely filtered by ozone layer, so they nerve reach the ground Tanning beds Both UV-A and UV-B rays causing DNA damage, which can lead to skin cancer in laboratory animals and humans, and. The risk of melanoma of the skin increasing by 75 percent when tanning bed use started before age 35