Cells of the Skin - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

343

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Cells of the skin Type of Cell Keratinocytes Origin Stratum basal Langerhans cells Bone Marrow Function/other information • Skin waterproofing • Prevents nutrients from moving to the lucidium • They differentiate as the move up the skin layers • Most abundant type • • • • • • • Melanocytes Neural crest, which give rise to megaloblasts • • • • Merkel cells Neural crest • • Role in determining nature of immunity Antigen presentation to T cells Also known as dendritic cells Have dense nucleus Pale cytoplasm Part of the mononuclear phagocyte system Have cell surface Fe (antibody) and C3b (complement) receptors Have MHC I & MHC II and CD1a Make melanin Tyrosinase produced by the RER of the melanocyte is packaged by its Golgi apparatus into oval granules, known as melanosomes The amino acid tyrosine is preferentially transported into melanosomes. Under the influence of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, melanocytes express microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. This factor triggers the UV light–sensitive tyrosinase to convert tyrosine within the melanosomes into melanin through a series of reactions progressing through 3,4dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa, methyldopa) and dopaquinone. These cells are usually present as single cells oriented parallel to the basal lamina Function as mechanoreceptors, which are reactive to touch sensation Location • All layers • originate in the deepest layer of the epidermis, the stratum basal and move up to the final barrier layer of the skin, the stratum corneum • Mainly located in the stratum spinosum layer • interspersed among the keratinocytes of the stratum Basale of the epidermis, and are especially abundant in the fingertips, at the base of hair follicles, and in the oral mucosa

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