University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

384

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

The ankle and the foot bones, joints and ligaments Bones and Joints • • • • • • • • • • Talus (head, neck and body) - The talus is the only bone that articulates with the leg bones. - Trochlea of the talus is held by the malleoli of the tibia. Calcaneus (largest bone in the foot, articulates and takes weight from talus) Cuboid Navicular Lateral cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Medial cuneiform Five metatarsals numbered medial to lateral (1-5) Two phalanges on the great toe (1st) – proximal and distal Three phalanges on all other toes – proximal, middle and distal Tarsal Tunnel • • Is a fibro-osseous space located on the posteromedial aspect of the ankle It acts a passageway for the tendons, nerves and vessels to travel between the posterior leg and the foot. Ankle Joint (synovial joint) • • Movements: - Hinge type joint: movement permitted in one plane. - Plantarflexion and dorsiflexion Articular surface - Formed by three bones: tibia, fibula, and talus of the foot. - Board notch, formed by the curved under surface of the tibia, the inner surfaces of the medial malleolus, and the lateral malleolus. Ligaments of the ankle Ligament Name Medial (deltoid) Anterior talofibular (Weakest of the lateral collateral ankle ligament) Posterior talofibular Calcaneofibular Attachments Function A weak, flat band that originates on the lateral malleolus of the fibula and extends anteromedially to the lateral side of the neck of the talus. Stabilizes the talus A strong band that extends medially and posteriorly from the distal part of the lateral malleolar fossa of the fibula to the lateral tubercle of the talus. It is also connected to the medial malleolus by a tibial slip of fibres. a long band that originates from the apex of the lateral malleolus of the fibula, and extends Plays only a supplemental role in ankle stability when the lateral ligament complex is intact • Provides lateral stabilisation to the ankle joint and the subtalar joint. posteroinferiorly to attach on a tubercle on the lateral aspect of the calcaneus. • • • Arches of the foot Allows flexion and extension movements to occur at the ankle. Serves as a primary restraint to inversion in neutral or dorsiflexed position at the talocrural joint. Serves to resist joint inversion.