University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

333

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Potential Causes of Falls in the Elderly Statistics • • • Anyone can fall but are a major concern for those aged 65 or older. Leadings cause of unintentional injury in older Australians. - As the population ages and the number of older people grows, the likelihood of more falls and fall related hospitalisations increase. - Nearly, 1 in 3 older Australians experience falls a year, of each 1 of 5 of these needed to be hospitalised. Even if these do not cause injury, but trigger loss confidence in an older person and an ongoing fear of falls. - Overtime, this can cause the person to limit their movements and reduces their activity. This can further increase their risk of falling. Why might older people fall? • • • Changes to the body: - Balance problems - Weaker muscles - Poor eyesight - Slower reaction times - New health problems such as urine incontinence or dementia Dangers in and around the home - Poor lighting - Unsafe footwear, such as loose slippers and narrow heels - Slippery surfaces such as wet or polished floors - Trip hazards such as rugs, floor mats and electrical cords. - Steps and uneven surfaces. Neglecting general health and wellbeing - Not keeping physically fit -> low balance and weak muscle balance - Not having a good diet or eating well - Not drinking sufficient water. Risk factors for falls • • • • • • • Low blood pressure - Light headiness and being dizzy. History of falls. - If thy have fallen more than once in the past six months, they are more likely to fall again. Orthostatic Hypertension Incontinence Stroke, arthritis and Parkinson’s disease - Changes the way an elderly person moves and slow reactions. Diabetes - Fatigue Depression Being on depression medications, this is because these medications can cause daytime drowsiness. Alzheimer’s and other dementia diseases or mild cognitive impairment - Become less aware of their surroundings and less able to react quickly. Heart diseases Foot problems Medications with side effects of confusion and/or dizziness - • • • • How to prevent falls in the elderly • • • • • • • • Staying physically active Doing balance and strength training exercises Fall proof home. - Handrails on both sides of stairs - Good lightening - Keeping walking areas tidy - Not using throw rugs or small area rugs. - Leaving bathroom light on at night or using a nightlight. - Having a night light in the bathroom - In the kitchen keeping frequently used utensils in an easy to reach place. - Prepare food while seating down. - Keep the lawn, porch, and yards clear of debris, and fallen branches. Keep having eyes and hearing tested. Knowing the side effects on medications they are taking. Avoiding alcohol. Stand up slowly. Should consider staying inside when the weather is bad.