University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

168

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Anal Fistula Definition: a ductal connection between the epithelium-lined anorectal and the perianal skin (epithelial surface). It consists of chronically infected tract, which may eventually become epithelised. • The perianal region is the hair bearing skin (keratinised stratified squamous epithelium) that lies within 5cm radius of the anal verge and is visible upon gentile retraction of the buttocks. Aetiology: • • • • • • • Usually a complication of perianal, anorectal or supralevator abscess. Flow obstruction and infection of the anal crypt glands (most common cause). Chronic inflammatory disease (IBD): Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis Radiation induced proctitis. Intragenic Foreign bodies Malignancy e.g. colorectal cancer Pathogenesis Abscess formation -> abscess rupture -> tunnel between the rectum and the skin around the anus -> chronic inflammation and hypertonicity of the sphincters -> fistula persistence. Assessment and treatment • Requires general or local anaesthesia.