Nerve Structure Academic Notes | Western Sydney University - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

129

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Nerve structure ✓ Dendrite • Structure: tree like extensions of the cell body - Their fibre and the many projections increases the surface area available for receiving incoming information covered with synapses • Function: - receive information from other neurons and then transmit that to the soma ✓ Soma • Structure: - Contains nucleus • Function: - Where the cell process occur ✓ Axon • Structure: - Membrane: axolemma - Encloses the cytoplasmic extension of the body - Myelinated neurons: ➢ Insulating sheath that is used to increase formed by glial cells Forms the nodes of Ranvier at the breaks between the myelin Myelin is fatty Oligodendrocytes, in neurons in the CNS Schwann cells, In the neurons in the PNS The myelin sheath is an area where there are no ion channels The myelin sheath prevents the movement of the ions. This causes electrical charge to “jump” across nodes of Ranvier ▪ sodium ions rush in and bump other positive sodium ions already inside the cell, which bumps another one, and so on until this wave of positivity reaches the next node. Faster action potentials as saltatory condition is much fust than continuous conduction - Unmyelinated: ➢ Slower conduction ✓ Axon Hillocks: - Structure: has high density of Na+ channels - Function: determines of there is going to be an EPSPs or IPSPs and is where action potentials are generated ✓ Axon Terminals (Pre-synaptic): - Structure: pre-synaptic - Function: transmission between nerve to nerve, nerve to muscle, nerve to gland Membrane Potential

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