University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

40

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Crohn’s Disease Definition Immune related inflammation that can impact the whole GIT tract and is scattered throughout. It affects the whole depth of the mucosa Aetiology • • • • tobacco pathogens mutation in NOD2 gene and HLA-B27 family history Pathophysiology Pathogen -> immune system -> antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages -> cytokines -> free radicals, platelet activating factors and proteases -> shift mutation in NOD2 gene already present -> dysregulation of IL-23 Th17 signalling -> excess Th 17 over function -> inflammation and destruction of health tissue -> ulcers -> fibrosis Signs and Symptoms • • • • • • pain in right lower quad diarrhea blood in stools dehydration palatable mass low grade fever Diagnosis • • • • • endoscopy - cobblestone pattern - ulcers - blood biopsy - epithelial cell granuloma - excess mesenteric fat around affected areas - giant cells -> multi-nucleated - whole depth affected - noncaseating granulomas lab exam - rule out infection disease X-ray - Rules out perforated colon CT scan - Reveal how much damage has been done and can show complications Treatment • • • Medications - Anti-inflammatory - Anti-biotics - Anti-diarrhea - Biologics to improve immune system - Pain relivers - Iron supplements Surgery - Removal of affected area Other - Nutritional changes - Cancer surveillance because the risk of colon cancer is increased