Describe the Major Divisions of the Skeletal System - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

342

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Describe the major divisions of the skeletal system and the functional significance of their structure Axial skeleton ● Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage ● Provides protection and support ● Does not include pelvic bone ● Mostly flat bones and irregular bones Appendicular skeleton ● Limbs ● Girdle is the attachment points of the limbs to the axial skeleton ● There’s a similar pattern in the upper and lower limbs: (start at the shoulder girdle) ○ Joint ○ 1x proximal long bone ○ Joint ○ 2 x shorter distal long bones ○ Joint (short bones) ○ 5 small long bones ○ ○ Joint 14 small long bones (phalanges) Only difference ● 2 bones in the girdle of the upper limb (shoulder, clavicle) ● 1 bone in the girdle of the lower limbs (pelvic) = decreased mobility because it’s closer to the body ● 8 bones in the wrist ● 7 bones in the ankle Structure informing function ● ● ● ● ● Flat bones are around body cavities to protect vital organs Laterally facing shoulder joints and hip joint = move movement compared to quadrupedal animal Humans have shorter upper limb bones (bipedal walkers) and bigger bones in the bottom limbs = more weight bearing S shaped vertebral column and size increases as you go down (most of body weight is here) to adjust itself around centre of gravity At the femur the bones angle in towards the midline of the body = balance and energy conservation: plant foot in the middle to not fall over because of the angle of the femur

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