University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

46

Pages:

4
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Accessory structures ● ● ● ● Organs that produce a secretion that will facilitate digestion Need to inject fluid into the digestive system through a duct Its an accessory structure because its extra, on the outside of the tube Facilitates digestion by adding things to the primary organs Salivary glands ● Deposit enzymatic secretions into the oral cavity ● Assist with moistening the food to create the bolus and make it easier to follow ● Break down food to make it easier to taste Parotid gland ● Largest and most superficial ● Means near the ear ● Produces 1/3 of saliva ● Passes through the muscles of mastication (near the masseter) ● Injects secretions into the level of the upper second molar ● Opening between the gap and the gum line Submandibular gland ● Below the mandible ● Between the mandible and tongue ● Have one duct on each side ● Green = the two ducts ● Smaller than the parotid ● But makes between 65-70% of saliva Sublingual gland ● Under the tongue ● Smallest ● 5% of saliva ● Have multiple ducts that will open up on either side of the tongue ● Moisten food and breaking down the food so that we can taste it Accessory digestive organ - liver ● Located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen ● Influences the shape of the diaphragm and the right lung sitting on top of it ● Right lung is shorter because the liver pushes up into the thoracic cavity against the diaphragm = influences the shape of the lung ● Very important in the body (physiological functions) - forces its way up through the bone of the thoracic cavity to protect itself Lobes ● Right (largest) - These are on the posterior surface: - Caudate lobe - Inferior vena cava - Quadrate lobe - Gallbladder ● Left Porta hepatis ● Like the hilum of the lung ● Hepatic = something to do with the liver ● Hepatic artery (red with arterial blood) ● Hepatic portal vein is separate ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Brings Venus blood from the digestive system into the liver for filtration before it can go back to the heart Blood has some secretions from intestines (milky substances that cannot go to the heart) that needs to be filtered out Liver is a filter Hepatic portal vein brings in the blood with the secretions into the liver Filtered out and then the HEPATIC VEIN takes the clean venous blood out Brings venous blood into the liver for filtration Porta hepatis = gateway into the liver Hepatic portal vein ● Brings waste (venous) blood from the digestive system ● Has nutrients and waste products (chyme) of the digestive system ● Chyme needs to be filtered out of the blood Hepatic vein ● Veins draw up the newly cleaned flood to go into the inferior vena cava Hepatic artery ● Its an organ so it needs a blood supply ● Breaks into multiple branches to supply the segments ● Branches into the same number of surgically resectable segments Common hepatic duct (ducts in the liver) ● R hepatic and L hepatic ● The lobes come to a common duct Common bile duct (2 bile organs) ● Where the two organs associated with bile ● Common hepatic duct and cystic duct from the gallbladder ● Go to the duodenum Liver function ● Important for the production and secretion of bile ● Helps with breaking down fats ● Bile exits through the common hepatic duct (in place of the primary bronchus of the lung)