Compartmentalisation Textbook Notes | Western Sydney University - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

75

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Compartmentalisation • To separate ‘self’ from the environment. - Single cell organisms have plasma membranes, which separates the organism from the outside. - Multicellular organisms do this is a more complex way. - Cell membranes allow us to separate ourselves from the outside environment. They also allow us to separate things within the cells themselves. - Most organelles within the cells are membrane bound this allows those organelles to separate and optimize vital functions within those cells. • To separate and optimise vital functions. • Communication/exchange must occur across membrane(s). • All eukaryotic cells have the same basic set of membrane-enclosed organelles. Plasma membrane surrounds entire cell: ✓ Nucleus (has double layer) ✓ Endoplasmic reticulum (makes up 30% of the lipid molecules within the cell, although it is drawn quote small) it takes up huge amount of the space within the cell. ✓ Golgi apparatus ✓ Mitochondria Functions of cell membranes • Barrier between the cytoplasm and external environment. • Selective permeability. (it is important for cells to have control over the things that enter and the things that are allowed to leave the cell) • Recognition of antigens and foreign/altered cells - Our immune system cannot get inside our cells, so it uses things outside the membrane to tell what type of cell that is, and if the cell has been infected. • Transport systems for specific molecules. - For example, that could be the transport of glucose within the cell from the extracellular environment for energy. • Transduction of extracellular physical or chemical signals into intracellular events. • Regulation of cell-cell interactions. - For example, do these two cells want to stick together. Does the cell want to stick to the basement membrane Does it want to get up and leave

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