Impacts of Cholestrol and Blood Pressure on the Heart | Western Sydney University - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

138

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

IMPACT S OF CHOLEST ROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE ON T HE HEAR T Cholesterol • • • Danvers Experiment: o Fed inmates different diets with different levels of cholesterol o Measured serum cholesterol o Cholesterol has a genetically preset level, diet then influences serum level (e.g. increased sat fat in diet increases serum cholesterol, while increased polyunsaturated fat reduces serum cholesterol) o Dietary cholesterol only has a minimal effect on serum cholesterol Familial hypercholesterolaemia → cholesterol deposits from blood into tissues o Xanthelasmas: cholesterol around eye (common) o Xanthoma: cholesterol on tendons (rare, mostly familial) SNP of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) → cholesterol reading of 0 Meta-analysis (Hegsted) • • • • Total cholesterol can be predicted by altering type of cholesterol intake E.g. ↑ polyunsaturated → ↓ total cholesterol Dietary cholesterol has a lesser correlation to serum cholesterol than dietary lipids (liver produces cholesterol from lipids) Statins were developed to inhibit this synthesis Hypertension • • • 20-30% of world population Secondary hypertension: o Endocrinopathies ▪ Glucocorticoid excess: Cushing’s syndrome ▪ Mineralocorticoid excess ▪ Phaeochromocytoma ▪ Thyroid/parathyroid diseases o CVD ▪ Coarctation of aorta ▪ Renal artery stenosis o Renal disease o Sleep apnoea o Alcohol CVD risk is 2-4x higher: toxic effects of glucose, AGEs

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