Case Definitions Study Materials - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

492

Pages:

1
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Case definitions • Diagnosis of a disease is based on a combination of: signs, symptoms, tests • Need a clear ‘case definition or can get very different pictures: o Person – key characteristics e.g. age, occupation o Place – specific geographic location e.g. Sydney, Australia or Kirrawee High School, o Time - period of time associated with illness onset for the cases under investigation o Clinical features – e.g. sudden onset of fever and cough Case fatality rate • Case fatality rate (case fatality ratio) - the proportion of people who die from a specified disease among all individuals diagnosed with the disease over a certain period of time: o Number of deaths/number of cases x 100 • Used as a measure of disease severity • Often used for prognosis (predicting disease course or outcome) • Comparatively high rates indicative of relatively poor outcomes • Available treatments/quality of care 36 Survival rate • Percentage of people in a defined population • Alive for a certain period of time since diagnosis with commencement treatment • Often stated as a five-year survival rate, percentage of people in a defined population alive five years

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