Neurology Week 3 Mcq Questions

NEUROLOGY WEEK 3 MCQ STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS 41. Lara is a 30-year-old female presenting to your GP clinic. She wants to do Botox. She asks you about potential complications. Which of the following is at the she risks of? A. Upper motor lesions B. Lower motor lesions C. Anterior cord lesions D. Posterior cord lesions E. Central cord lesions Answer: B 42. If a patient has an internal carotid artery aneurysm, they are most at risk of: A. An ipsilateral extortion of the eyeball when head is titled to the paretic side. B. A counter lateral extortion of the eyeball when head is titled to the paretic side. C. An ipsilateral extortion of the eyeball when head is titled to the non-paretic side. D. A counter lateral extortion of the eyeball when head is titled to the non-paretic side. Answer: A 43. The laminal branch of the trigeminal nerve, when passing through the superior orbital fascia: A. Passes through the centre of the superior orbital fissure. B. Passes through the nasal side of the superior orbital fissure. C. Passes through the temporal side of the superior orbital fissure. D. Passes through the superior portion of the annulus of zin. E. Passes through the inferior portion of the annulus of zin. Answer: C 44. The superior obliques muscle is supplied by: A. Optic nerve B. Trochlear nerve C. Trigeminal nerve D. Oculomotor nerve E. Abducens nerve Answer: B 45. One important role of the PDE in the transduction is: A. Stabilizes cGMP, increasing cGMP’s potency to bind to cation channels, which as a result allows a quick reaching of the threshold potential. B. Stabilizes cGMP, increasing cGMP’s potency to bind to cation channels, which blocks the channels, and this decreases the entry of cations. C. Breaks cGMP, which as a result decreases the activation of cation channels and thus decreases the entry of cations. D. Breaks cGMP, which as a result increases the activation of cation channels and thus increases the entry of cations. Answer: C 46. Which of the following is true about the function of glutamate in the phototransduction pathway: A. An increase in glutamate activates both bipolar cells and ganglion cells. B. An increase in glutamate de-activates both bipolar cells and ganglion cells. C. A decrease in glutamate de-activates both bipolar cells and ganglion cells. D. A decrease in glutamate activates bipolar cells and an increase in glutamate activates ganglion cells. E. An increase in glutamate activates bipolar cells and a decrease in glutamate activates ganglion cells. Answer: D 47. In a compressive blockade, which of the following nerves is least likely to be affected? A. Axially B. Ulnar C. Radial D. Median Answer: A 48. Which of the following is FALSE about compressive blockades? A. The ulnar nerve compresses against the elbow as it passes through the olecranon and the lateral epicondyle. B. The radial nerve compresses against the humerus C. The medial nerve compresses around the carpal tunnel D. There is a progressive loss of axonal function, such that the tactile function will be lost first, then cold pain followed by burning pain. E. The smaller fibres repair faster and before larger fibres, which means that the sensation of burning pain will be restored before cold pain. Answer: A, this is because it compresses through the olecranon and the MEDIAL epicondyle not the LATERAL one. 49. In an anaesthetic block: A. The tactile function is lost last, because they have a larger diameter and more Na channels and therefore require a larger a dose of anaesthetics. B. There is a progressive loss of function from C fibres to alpha beta fibres. C. The loss of cold, slow and stabbing pain happens after loss of slow pain but before the loss of tactile function. D. All of the above E. None of the above Answer: D 50. Anaesthetics work by: A. Stimulating the opening of voltage gated Na+ channels. B. Blocking the opening of voltage gated Na+ channels. C. Stimulating the opening of ligand gated Na+ channels. D. Blocking the opening of ligand gated Na+ channels. E. Stimulating the closure of non-specific voltage gated cation channels. Answer: B 51. Which of the following is FALSE? A. Cones and rods are the photoreceptors found within the retina. B. Thermal receptors are central hypothalamic thermal receptors. C. Electroreceptors are for stimuli that comes locally from special senses. D. Chemoreceptors can also be found on the carotid artery bifurcation. E. Cochlea receptors are a form of mechanoreceptors found within the auditory system. Answer: C 52. All of the following mechanoreceptors are found in both hairy and non-hair skin EXCEPT: A. Free nerve endings. B. Merkel’s disks. C. Meissner D. Pacinian Answer: D 53. Tactile receptors can be slow adapting or fast adapting. Which of the following is true? A. Slow adapting fibres are involved in skin stretch. B. Fast adapting fibres are included Ruffini endings. C. Hair follicle afferents are classified as slow adapting. D. Rapidly adapting fibres are dynamically sensitive. Answer: D 54. All of the following muscles are innervated by the oculomotor nerve EXCEPT: A. Superior rectus B. Inferior rectus C. Lateral rectus D. Medial rectus Answer: C 55. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about anti-depressants? A. Serotonin-norepinephrine inhibitors are potent at inhibiting the re-uptake of serotonin. B. Mono amine oxidase inhibitors type A can work on inhibiting the breakdown of NE, serotonin and dopamine. C. Mono amine oxidase inhibitors type B works on preventing the breakdown of dopamine and PEA. D. Bupropion is a serotonin and dopamine re-uptake inhibitor. E. Primary TCAs are non-selective and inhibit the reuptake of both serotonin and NE Answer: D 56. Which of the following is FALSE about the optic nerve? A. From the left eye field, the fibres coming from the temporal component go the nasal side of the eyeball, then go on cross at the optic chiasma and synapse at the I, IX and XI layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus. B. From the right eye field, the fibres coming from the temporal component go to the nasal side of the eyeball, and then go ipsilaterally in the optic nerve and then synapse at the II, III and V layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus. C. From the left eye field, the fibres coming from the nasal component to temporal side of the eyeball and then go ipsilaterally through the optic nerve to synapse at the II, III and layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus. D. From the right eye field, the fibres coming from the nasal component. Go to the temporal side of the eyeball then go on ipsilaterally to synapse at the II, III and V layers of the geniculate nucleus. Answer: B 57. The place where the fibres from the temporal component of the eyeball cross at the: A. Optic chiasma B. Lateral geniculate nucleus C. Superior colliculus D. Inferior colliculus E. Thalamus Answer: A 58. Myer’s Loop is the name given to: A. The superior retinal fibres of coming from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the cortex. B. The inferior retinal fibres of coming from the lateral geniculate nucleus to the cortex. C. The fibres coming from the left retinal field to the temporal side of the eyeball. D. The fibres coming from the left retinal field to the nasal side of the eyeball. E. The fibres coming from the lateral nucleus geniculate to the superior colliculi. Answer: B 59. Bitemporal hemianopia occurs when there is damage at which location? A. Right retinal optic nerve B. Optic chiasma C. Aneurysm at the ICA D. Right optic tract E. Superior and inferior retinal fibres Answer: C 60. Functions of the pigmented epithelium layer of the retina include: A. Absorb light rays to prevent scattering and reflection and thus prevent visual disturbances. B. After receiving blood, oxygen and nutrients from the choroidal blood vessel, it pushed oxygen and nutrients into the photoreceptors. C. Transition from light to dark -> accommodation reflex D. A and B only E. A, B and C