Cardiology Week 3 Scq Study Guide Questions - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

248

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A. A.

CARDIOLOGY WEEK 3 Saq STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS 1. Label the phases and the opening and closure of valves (4 marks) 2. Label 3. a. Explain the mechanisms of peripheral and pleural oedema using the principles of starling forces (3 marks) b. explain the cause of crackles in someone with left heart failure and why there is shortness of breath (3 marks) Answer: a. In starling’s law if the net fluid movement is positive i.e., the hydrostatic pressure is greater than the oncotic pressure then fluid will move out of the vessel. This can occur through several mechanisms: b. - Decreased albumin production: decreased ability to pull fluid in the vessel and keep it in the vessel-> decreased colloid osmotic pressure -> fluid will accumulate outside - Obstruction in the vessel causing fluid build-up in the vessel which causes an increased hydrostatic pressure hence fluid moves outward - If movement of fluid of water exceeds lymphatic drainage then there will be increased hydrostatic pressure • Left ventricle unable to pump blood -> blood backing into left atrium -> blood packing into pulmonary circulation (pulmonary veins) -> go into the alveoli -> causing crackles especially at the base of the lungs, as the fluid will most likely pull into the proximal portion of the lung due to gravity. • Since the blood is packing into the lung and into the alveoli through the above explained mechanism, the lung accumulation will cause a thickened respiratory membrane (space between alveoli and its’ capillary) -> harder for oxygen to diffuse in -> short ness of breath

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