Cardiology Week 2 Mcq Study Guide Questions

CARDIOLOGY WEEK 2 MCQ STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS 21. Which of the following is FALSE about the cardiac cycle: A. During reduced ventricular filling the ejection of blood is drive by the inertial energy of blood not ventricular contraction B. The “a wave” is when the mitral value bulges into the atria and “c wave” is when the mitral valve is back to its’ normal state C. In isovolumetric contraction the pressure in the left ventricle is higher than the atrial pressure D. The rapid ventricular ejection is marked by the left ventricular pressure exceeding the aortic pressure Answer: B 22. Which of the following is CORRECT about isovolumetric contraction? A. The pressure within the ventricle falls below to aortic pressure leading to the opening of the aortic valve B. The first heart sound can be heard here C. No change in ECG can be observed until the next cardiac cycle D. The left and right atrial pressures are constant E. The dicrotic notch represents no flow of blood towards the heart Answer: C 23. Which of the following is FALSE about the cardiac cycle: A. During reduced ventricular filling the ventricles get 90% of the blood, and they receive the next 10% of blood during the next cardiac cycle B. In ventricular diastole the end of the T wave can be noted C. In rapid ventricular ejection the aortic and ventricular pressure are at their maximum D. The AV valves are bulged in the atrium Answer: D 24. The muscles found at the interior atria are called: A. Papillary muscles B. Pectinate muscles C. Myocardium D. None of the above Answer: A 25. All of the following arteries are found on the anterior surface of the heart EXCEPT: A. Anterior interventricular artery B. Marginal arteries C. Circumflex artery D. AV artery Answer: D 26. Which of the following veins is found on the posterior wall of the heart? A. Oblique vein B. Great cardiac vein C. Circumflex vein D. Small veins of the right atrium Answer: A 27. Where are the openings of the SVC, IVC and coronary sinus found? A. Left atrium B. Left ventricle C. Right atrium D. Right ventricle Answer: C 28. Beta blockers is a common drug used for the treatment of angina. Which of these is an effect of beta blockers? A. Slow phase 0 B. Slow phase 3 C. Slow phase 0 and 4 D. Slow phase 0 and 3 Answer: C 29. Digoxin works by: A. Activating Na+/K+ pump B. Inhibiting Na+/K+ pump C. Activating L-type Ca2+ voltage gated channel D. Inhibiting L-type Ca2+ voltage gated channel Answer: B 30. At the end of the ventricular filling: A. Mitral valve opens B. Mitral valve shuts C. Aortic valve opens D. Aortic valve shuts E. Mitral and aortic valve shuts Answer: B 31. Which of following is a possible cause of shortness of breath? A. Anaemia B. COPD C. Ischemia D. Inflammatory heart disease E. All the above Answer: E 32. Which of the following about the regulation of arterial tone is NOT correct? A. Flow dependant relaxation is dependent on nitric oxide B. Flow dependant relaxation is dependent on platelets C. Flow dependant relaxation is allows increased blood delivery D. Flow dependent relaxation can be seen in large vessels such as the aorta E. None of the above Answer: B 33. Which of the following statements regarding blood pressure is FALSE: A. Pulse pressure is determined by stroke volume B. Pulse pressure is increased in age C. Pulse pressure is reflected in pressure waves D. Pulse pressure is higher in more compliant arteries E. The velocity of the pulse wave is higher in less compliant arteries Answer: D 34. All of the following are features of the ECG except: A. Can provide some indication on ventricular size B. Can provide information on conduction rate through the AV C. ECG indicates rhythm D. ECG can show a potential MI E. ECGs indicate atrial hypertrophy Answer: E 35. When mean arterial pressure increases suddenly from 90mmHg to 100 mmHg which of the following statements regarding the baroreflex are true? A. Carotid sinus stretch diminishes B. Carotid chemoreceptors increase their firing rate C. Cardiac contractility increases D. None of the above Answer: B 36. Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen released by Hb to peripheral tissues? A. Decreased temperature B. Decreased pH C. Decreased DPG D. None of the above Answer: B 37. Cardiac output is not related to: A. Adrenaline has a negative inotropic effect on contractility B. Cardiac contraction increases with a rise in cytosolic calcium C. Digoxin has a positive inotropic effect on contraction D. Entry of calcium across the cell membrane initiates the contractile process in myocytes Answer: A 38. A 60-year-old presents with chest pain and is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. He dies due to an arrythmia eight days after admission. Which of the following features would you expect to see in a biopsy? A. A well demarcated soft, pale area with a slightly pink rim in the anterior left ventricular myocardium B. Abnormally thick, nodular, and focally calcified aortic valve leaflet C. Abnormally thick, nodular, and focally calcified aortic valve leaflet D. Marked left ventricular hypertrophy with reduction of chamber size Answer: A 39. Which event signals that start of the isovolumetric left ventricular contraction? A. Closure of mitral valve B. Opening of mitral valve C. Closure of the aortic valve D. Opening of the aortic valve E. None of the above Answer: D 40. Which of the following is the best measure of cardiac contractility? A. Serum calcium B. Mean arterial blood pressure C. Ejection fraction D. Pulmonary wedge pressure E. Cardiac output Answer: C - Cardiac output is an indicator NOT a measure