Git Week 2 Mcq Study Guide Questions

GIT WEEK 2 MCQ STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS 1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the rectum and the anal canal? A. B. C. D. It is an intraperitoneal organ Has an S shape Has transverse rectal folds On the S3 vertebral level Answer: A 2. The lymphatics of the transverse colon are: A. B. C. D. E. Right and left Ileocolic lymph nodes Right ileocolic and middle ileocolic lymph nodes Middle ileocolic lymph nodes only Right ileocolic lymph node only Colic lymph node Answer: C 3. The pancreas is located at the following level of the spinal cord: A. B. C. D. L1 -L3 L1 – L2 T8 – T9 T9 Answer: B 4. Which of the following is FALSE with regards the pancreatic ducts? A. The main pancreatic ducts combined with the bile duct B. The accessory pancreatic duct is shorter than the main pancreatic duct and does not perform the same function C. The accessory pancreatic duct opens to a major duodenal papilla D. The main pancreatic duct form the hepatopancreatic ampulla Answer: C 5. Where does the appendicular artery arise from: A. B. C. D. Right colic artery Middle colic artery Ileocolic artery Left colic artery Answer: C 6. Which of the following is true about gastric secretions A. B. C. D. Histamine can directly and indirectly stimulate gastric acid secretion Histamine and Ach both can indirectly stimulate gastric acid secretion Gastrin and Ach can directly and indirectly stimulate gastric acid secretion Gastrin, Ach and histamine can directly and indirectly stimulate gastric acid secretion Answer: C 7. Which of the following is not the best treatment for peptic ulcers? A. B. C. D. E. Histamine blockers H+/K+ blockers vagotomy resection of the gastric mucosa antrectomy Answer: A 8. Which of the following statements is correct about appendicitis: A. B. C. D. E. Uncommon reason for emergency surgery May be caused by a blockage in the intestinal lumen Is not caused by compromised blood supply Is not caused a blood borne infection Not associated with aerobic and anaerobic infections Answer: B 9. Patients with appendicitis complain of vague, diffuse and colicky pain prior to the pain becoming constant and localised in the right iliac fossa. The pain is because of: A. The appendix and visceral peritoneum have a somatic sensory supply B. The appendix and visceral peritoneum have a visceral sensory supply C. The appendix and visceral peritoneum have both somatic and visceral supply D. The appendix and visceral peritoneum have no sensory supply E. The appendix is not an intraperitoneal structure Answer: B Somatic pain and visceral pain come from different areas of the body. Somatic pain is in the muscles, bones, or soft tissues. Visceral pain comes from your internal organs and blood vessels 10. Which of the following statements regarding peptic ulcer of the stomach is not correct? A. B. C. D. E. The ulceration is due to impaired defences against gastric acid and pepsin Peptic ulcers penetrate beyond the muscularis mucosa of the stomach Peptic ulcers may lead to severe haemorrhage due to erosion through blood vessels Peptic ulcers are associate with aspirin 80% of the time Peptic ulcers may result in perforation of the stomach wall with leakage of gastric contents into the abdominal lumen Answer: D 11. Which of the following is correct about the blood supply of the liver? A. B. C. D. E. Hepatic artery arises from the superior mesenteric artery The portal vein accounts for 25% of the blood supply to the liver the hepatic vein drains into the superior vena cava the portal vein receives blood from the spleen all of the above Answer: D 12. Which of the following inhibit gastric secretions: A. B. C. D. E. Gastrin PGE2 Ach Histamine CCK Answer: B 13. Somatostatin is made by: A. B. C. D. E. Antral D cells Body D cells Antral G cells Body G cells B and D Answer: A 14. Somatostatin secretion is inhibited by: A. B. C. D. E. The binding of Ach to M1R The binding of Ach to M2R The binding of Ach to M3R B and C only A, B and C Answer: C 15. Paracetamol: A. B. C. D. E. Selective COX-1 inhibitor Selective COX-2 inhibitor Works just like aspirin Metabolised into inactive form by CYP450 only N-acetylcysteine is needed to replenish glutathione store Answer: E 16. The following inhibits iron absorption and secretion: A. B. C. D. E. Erythropoietin Hepcidin R protein Intrinsic factor Ferroprotein Answer: B 17. The enzyme that converts Fe3+ into Fe2+ on the basolateral side of the enterocyte is called: A. B. C. D. E. Hepcidin Hephaestin Transferrin Vitamin C reductase HFE Answer: D 18. Which of the following is FALSE about the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates A. In the stomach salivary alpha amylase is de-activated and mechanical digestion takes place B. Glucose and galactose are absorbed into the enterocyte via SGLT-1 (glucose/sodium cotransporter) and are then expelled into the blood via GLUT2 C. CCK is secreted by enteroendocrine I cells in the duodenum in response to chyme and activate the CCK-R on pancreatic acinar cells via the Gqs pathway D. Carbohydrate absorption takes place at the jejunal enterocytes E. Salivary alpha amylase breaks down carbohydrates into maltose, trimaltose and alpha limit dix-trinase Answer: C (the stimulation happens via the G alpha q pathway not the Gs pathway) 19. Which of the following statements if FALSE about protein digestion. A. Antral G cells make gastrin, and the gastric and cephalic phases make Ach, of which both bind to their respective receptors on chief cells to stimulate the production of pepsinogen B. Gastrin stimulates parietal cells to make HCl for cleavage of pepsinogen and stimulates them to make intrinsic factor and protein R C. Ach from the gastric and cephalic phase bind on M2R receptors on parietal cells D. Proteases from the pancreas are sent to the duodenum via the main pancreatic duct into the ampulla of vater, so that cleavage of trypsinogen into trypsin, chymotrypsinogen into chymotrypsin and procarboxypeptase into carboxypeptidase takes place to aid in chemical digestion of proteins E. On the apical side of the enterocyte there are enzymes called dipeptidases and tripeptidases which break short amino acid chains into single amino acids Answer: C (M3R NOT M2R) 20. Which of the following enzymes is involved in alcohol metabolism in the liver? A. B. C. D. E. Peroxisomes Alcohol dehydrogenase CYP450 All of the above None of the above Answer: D