University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

43

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A. A.

Data relating to the incidence and prevalence of infectious disease in populations ✓ Incidence is the number of new cases of a disease at a given time ✓ Prevalence measures the number or proportion of cases of a disease at a given time. ✓ Mobility or movement of individuals influences the incidence and prevalence of disease by changing the frequency of contacts between infected and susceptible individuals. More susceptible individuals include those with no immunity to the disease or the non-immunised. ✓ The proportion of the population immunised significantly reduces the incidence and prevalence of infectious diseases. ✓ The speed and volume of mobility of individuals and human populations is unprecedented in human history. ✓ Analysis of data can help in the prediction of potential epidemics as well as in the evaluation of strategies to control the spread of disease. ✓ Malaria and dengue fever are the most common mosquito-borne diseases in the Southeast Asia region. ✓ In Southeast Asia approximately 70% of the population of 1.8 billion people is at some risk of malaria, with 26% at high risk; 460 million people inhabit areas with a reported incidence of >1 case per 1000 population per year. ✓ The majority of confirmed cases in the region are due to Plasmodium falciparum (a unicellular parasite) although the proportion varies greatly among countries. ✓ Scientists are concerned that the morbidity and mortality from these diseases will rise with the rise in global temperatures, drug resistance and international travel. Dengue is a viral infection. - Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Dengue virus is spread by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species of mosquito. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Can prevented by the dengue fever vaccine. Malaria is a disease caused by protozoa. - Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects humans and other animals. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Can be prevented by using mosquito net.