Different Types of Neurons | Western Sydney University - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

128

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A.

Different types of neurons  Glia     These cells are mainly inhibitory to the excitatory effects of the pyramidal cells. Astrocytes: support and controls extracellular environment, therefore controlling activity. Oligodendrocytes (CNS), Schwann cells (PNS): provide myelination to axons. Microglia: phagocytic role, releases cytokines. NG2 cells: precursor cells to either neurons or glia cells. Columnar organisation  The cortex is partitioned into columns.  That is, each column contains a particular cell that performs a certain function. Cortical afferent and efferent connections   In a coronal section, pathways running anteroposteriorly would appear as dots, while those running laterally across the hemisphere would appear as fibres. The corpus callosum allows information to travel from one hemisphere to the other. o There is crossing over with various motor and sensory pathways. o Sectioning of a pathway leads to degeneration of neurons associated with the pathway, as seen with experimental sectioning of the corpus callosum. o Some areas (visual cortex and area of hand of somatosensory cortex) are exempt from degeneration, indicating that they are functionally independently from the corpus callosum.

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