Organisation of Visual Areas - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

187

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A.

Organisation of visual areas    There are two particular streams of pathway; organised into the “what” and “where”. o Midget ganglion cells  parvocellular layers  high spatial acuity and spatial contrast. o Parasol ganglion cells  magnocellular layers  information on motion. Both streams come back from the calcarine sulcus and projects out. o Parvocellular layer projects ventrally. o Magnocellular layer projects dorsally. The two streams are not completely separate, but rather interconnect at various points. o Important because a lesion does not produce a complete loss of function because information travels across pathways. Clinical correlation: lesions to visual pathway      It’s rare to get a complete transection of particular parts, usually from trauma. More likely to get partial lesion, usually from tumour or aneurysm. Therefore, unlikely to get complete deficits (e.g. bitemporal hemianopia), but rather, more likely to get scotomas (partial vision loss). Focusing on 2: o Lateral vision is lost because the visual information decussates once at the lens, and then another time at the optic chiasm. Focusing on 5 and 6: o There is macular sparing. o This is because there is a large area associated with the foveal area. o There may be small scotomas, but largely, central vision will be left intact. V4 (what region) lesions: o Deficit in discrimination of shapes (when defined by luminance but not by relative motion). o Transient disruption of colour discrimination. o Impairment in perceptual constancies (object recognition independent of size, location, viewing distance and ambient illumination).  Middle temporal (where region) lesions: o Deficits in smooth pursuit eye movements. o Largely permanent loss in accuracy of speedy judgments. o Severe deficits in motion coherence. Severe deficits in the perception of structure from motion.

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