Types of Depressive Syndrome | Cheat Sheet - Edubirdie

University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

396

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A.

Types of depressive syndrome   Unipolar depression: mood swings are always in the same direction. Bipolar affective disorder: depression alternates with mania (in most respects, exactly opposite to depression). Monoamine theory  Proposed that depression was caused by reduced levels of monoamines (e.g. noradrenaline and serotonin) in the brain. o Antidepressant drugs increase these levels in the CNS.  Dysregulation of NA and 5-HT in the brain: o Strongly associated with depression. o May explain an increased pain perception among depressed patients. o Imbalances may explain both emotional and physical symptoms of depression.  Noradrenaline (NA) is from locus ceruleus, and serotonin (5-HT) is from raphe nuclei. o NA regulates: arousal and mood. o 5-HT regulates: behaviour, sleep, mood, food intake, body and temperature.  Evidence implicates alterations in the firing patterns of a subset of neurons using NA and 5-HT; possible cause of depression is decreased activity of NA and 5-HT systems.  Treatment should increase both neurotransmitters.  Precursor of: o Serotonin is tryptophan, which is contained in meats. o NA is tyrosine, which is contained in fermented foods. o 1+2: action potential leads to release of neurotransmitter (NA or 5-HT). o 3: Acts on specific post-synaptic receptors (for NA or 5-HT). o 4: Excess neurotransmitter release inhibited by presynaptic receptors (NA via α2). o 5: neurotransmitter removed from synapse by uptake pump. o 6: excess neurotransmitter in presynaptic neuron degraded by monoamine oxidase (MAO).

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