University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

496

Pages:

3
Author:

Mariam A.

Anthropometric Objective Laboratory Tests    Body weight - Current body weight compared to previous body weight. - Assess for underweight, overweight and obesity. BMI Waist circumference -  Skin fold thickness: -   Estimates body composition including far mass, lean body mass and body water. Serum albumin. Prealbumin -   Ratio of waist circumference to hip circumference. Indicates fat distribution and associated health risks. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA): -   Assess muscle and fat stores -> especially in malnutrition screening. Waist to hip ratio: -  Measures subcutaneous fat at specific sites within the body. Estimates total body fat percentage. Mid-upper arm circumference: -  measured in cm or inches just above the hip bones. A large circumference is associated with higher mortality, especially due to cardiovascular disease. Shorter half-life than albumin -> provides immediate indicator of nutritional status. Total protein. CRP - Can help differentiate between malnutrition and inflammation related hypoalbuminemia. - Can detect anaemia which can result from poor nutrition. CBC  Electrolytes -  Blood glucose -  - - Assess protein status by comparing nitrogen intake (from dietary protein) to nitrogen excretion (in urine). Positive balance indicates an anabolic state, while a negative balance indicates a catabolic state. Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 score. - -  Vitamin and mineral levels -> vitamin D, B12, calcium, omega-3 fatty acids iron and folate. Normal ranges vary by specific micronutrients. Nitrogen balance: -  Includes cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides and helps assess fat metabolism. Micronutrition levels: -  Indicator of carbohydrate metabolism and can reflect nutritional status. Lipid profile: -  Assess the overall metabolic and nutritional status. Used to determine the need for specialised nutrition support. Points are based on BMI, weight loss in the last three months, decrease oral intake in the last week and being an ICU patient. Patient with a score of greater than or equal to 5 is considered to be at a high nutritional risk. Nutrition Risk in the Critically Ill Score. - - Used to determine the need for specialised nutritional support. Points are based on age, number of comorbidities, number of days in hospital prior to ICU admission, IL-6 level, APACHE II score and the SOFA score on admission. A patient with a NUTRIC score of greater than or equal to 6 is considered at high nutritional risk. Daily requirements for fat, protein and carbohydrates.