University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

153

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A.

Laparoscopic Surgery Basics      Was initially called minimally invasive surgery. Less tissue damages. Minimisation of surgical incisions. Less pain afterwards. Physiological responses to injury which slow recovery are reduced. Advantages Surgical Advantages Postoperative advantages  Improved access and  Fewer post-operative vision to difficult areas chest complications. such as the pelvis organs  Lower analgesia and gastro-oesophageal requirements. junction.  Sometimes even a  Avoid handling, exposure, shorter hospital stay. desiccation and cooling of the abdominal tissue, which may reduce adhesion formation.  Reduced contact with patient’s blood and body fluids.  Fewer wound infections, adhesions and incisional hernias. Risks and Complications    Induction of pneumoperitoneum: - Due to possible cause of subcutaneous emphysema and injury to the bowel or major blood vessels. Trocar insertion: - May injure abdominal wall, intra-abdominal organs and blood vessels. The raised intraabdominal pressure and head down position mean that patients have to be ventilated at higher inflation pressures. - This reduces the venous return and cardiac output -> may cause circulatory compromise in patients with cardiac ischemia. WILL FINISH THIS OFF LATER AS I MY BRAIN IS NOT BRAINING AT THIS MOMENT FOR THIS Laparoscopic applications in the colorectal setting Component Diagnostic Therapeutic Abdomen -> CT  Diagnosis of fluid  Guiding drainage of or ultrasound collections for example, fluid collections by ascites, pancreatic aspiration or pseudocysts, abscess. drainage insertion.  Percutaneous guided  Guiding sampling of biopsy of enlarged lymph suspected nodes, liver, or pancreatic necrosis pancreatic masses or for infection in other masses. acute pancreatitis.  Diagnosis of acute or  Stent placement for chronic abdominal obstructing colonic symptom’s including lesions. detection of colorectal cancer. Anal canal  Proctoscopy to inspect  Injection or banding the anal canal and if of haemorrhoids. necessary to biopsy  Perineal operations lesions. for rectal prolapse.  Trans anal total mesolectal excision (TaTME)of the rectum. Rectum and the  Diagnostic flexible  Snare excision of colon sigmoidoscopy or polyps and colonoscopy (including adenomas. biopsy) for bleeding,  Diathermy of suspected tumours, IBD, bleeding surveillance after polyp angiodysplasia. or cancer removal,  Diathermy loop tumours for palliation or resection of begin rectal structures. inoperable rectal  Endoluminal U/S imaging cancer. for staging rectal cancer  Argon beam laser and determining ablation after rectal sphincter damage. caner (palliative).  MRI for detailing the anatomy of complex fistula  Has been long used by surgeons for the assessment of chronic liver diseases and ascites of unknown origin.