University:
Western Sydney University
Course:
MEDI 2003 | Clinical Sciences 2
Academic year:

2024
Views:

121

Pages:

2
Author:

Mariam A.

Common Conditions Affecting the Feet: Hallux Valgus and Ingrown Toenails The feet are susceptible to various conditions due to their complex anatomy and constant weight-bearing function. Two common conditions affecting the feet are hallux valgus and ingrown toenails. 1. Hallux Valgus (Bunion):      Hallux valgus is a deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the big toe (hallux) towards the second toe, resulting in a prominent bump on the inner side of the foot. Causes include genetic predisposition, improper footwear (e.g., tight, narrow shoes), foot biomechanical abnormalities, and inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Symptoms include pain, inflammation, redness, and difficulty wearing shoes, especially in the area of the bunion. Conservative treatment options include wearing wider, more supportive shoes, using orthotic inserts or splints to realign the toe, and applying ice or anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and inflammation. Surgical intervention may be necessary for severe cases or when conservative measures fail to provide relief. Surgical procedures aim to realign the toe joint, remove bony prominences, and restore normal foot anatomy. 2. Ingrown Toenails (Onychocryptosis):      Ingrown toenails occur when the edge of the toenail grows into the surrounding skin, leading to pain, inflammation, and infection. Contributing factors include improper nail trimming, tight-fitting shoes, trauma, genetic predisposition, and underlying nail conditions such as fungal infections. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, swelling, redness, and drainage of pus from the affected toenail. Conservative treatment involves soaking the foot in warm water, gently lifting the ingrown edge of the nail, and applying antibiotic ointment to prevent infection. Proper nail trimming techniques and wearing well-fitted shoes can help prevent recurrence. For recurrent or severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the ingrown portion of the nail and prevent further complications. Surgical options include partial nail avulsion (removal of the ingrown portion of the nail) or complete nail avulsion (removal of the entire nail). Conclusion: Hallux valgus (bunion) and ingrown toenails are common foot conditions that can cause significant pain and discomfort if left untreated. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for these conditions is essential for effective management and prevention of complications. Conservative measures such as proper footwear, orthotic devices, and home care techniques may provide relief for mild to moderate cases. However, severe or recurrent cases may require surgical intervention to correct deformities, alleviate symptoms, and restore normal foot function. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help improve quality of life and prevent long-term complications associated with foot conditions.