Midterms Review Material

Which of the following is TRUE for neurodevelopmental disorders? A. This diagnostic class includes Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s, etc. B. These disorders are usually diagnosed as early as infancy C. These disorders may or may not persist up to adulthood D. These biologically-based disorders may only be treated through medication Bertha was considered by many as a strange child. When people talk to her, she seemingly cannot respond properly. For instance, Bertha often makes gestures different from what she says. There are also other times where she is unable to follow through with what another person is saying and suddenly leaves mid conversation. In short, it is clear to you that Bertha has difficulties in social interaction. Looking at Bertha’s presentation, you are confident in saying that she might have: A. Pragmatic Communication Disorder B. Autism Spectrum Disorder C. Global Developmental Delay D. Language Disorder When diagnosing intellectual disability, which of the ff. takes priority in determining severity? A. IQ scores B. Level of adaptive functioning C. Level of academic performance D. Social skills scores Tourette’s syndrome is: A. Primarily composed of vocal tics B. Primarily composed of motor tics C. A mix of motor and vocal tics D. A combination of stereotypies Which of the ff. subtypes of ADHD is most referred to treatment? A. ADHD-Inattentive B. ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive C. ADHD-Combined Presentation D. ADHD-PI (SCT) People with bulimia nervosa are typically: A. Underweight B. Normal to overweight C. Overweight to extremely obese D. Not afraid of body image issues A socio-cultural explanation for anorexia nervosa would explain that: A. This disorder is caused by unrealistic images and social pressures related to beauty B. This disorder is caused by having a poor socio-economic status and lower education C. This disorder is caused by irrational beliefs and over-controlling parents D. This disorder is caused by People with pica disorder are: A. Often prone to medical conditions B. Always severely impaired in intellect C. Most often obese individuals D. All of the Above Children who develop pica disorder might lack: A. Stimulation from environment B. Discipline from parents C. Constant caregivers D. Safety and security from the environment The difference between a heavy eater and a binge-eater might be in the: A. Types of food they consume B. Losing control over food intake C. The huge amount of food they intake D. None of the Above Examine the following: I. It is possible for a 19 year old to be diagnosed with conduct disorder II. Conduct disorder is more common in girls than in boys A. B. Both statements are TRUE Both statements are FALSE C. D. Only I is TRUE Only II is TRUE Running away from home, using substances, and breaking rules is an example of: A. Covert-destructive behaviors B. Covert-nondestructive behaviors C. Overt-destructive behaviors D. Overt-nondestructive behaviors A person with intermittent explosive disorder has outbursts which typically lasts: A. Under 10 minutes B. For an hour C. Around 30 minutes D. For one to two hours The following are found to play a role in Kleptomania EXCEPT? A. Serotonin B. Endorphin C. Dopamine Opioid D. Jack would love to see his neighbor’s house on fire. Months ago, they irritated Jack since they held daily parties from morning till midnight and Jack hated it. Right now, whenever Jack imagines that his neighbor’s house is on fire, he gets extremely pleased about it and would often give in to his urge by setting small fires in their backyard. He can be diagnosed with: A. Conduct disorder B. Pyromania C. Neurodevelopmental disorder D. None of the above Malfunctions of the nervous system that cause involuntary or uncontrollable movements or actions of the body. A. Communication Disorders B. Motor Disorders C. Intellectual Developmental Disorders D. None of the above Specific Learning Disorder commonly co-occurs with neurodevelopmental EXCEPT? A. Autism Spectrum Disorder B. Communication Disorders C. Intellectual Developmental Disorders D. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Global Developmental Delay (GDD) was called ________ in the DSM-IV. A. Mental Retardation B. Specific Learning Disorder C. Intellectual Disorder D. Neurodevelopmental Disorder Which disorder identifies a later diagnosis in females as they attempt to hide or mask unusual behavior and has somewhat less repetitive behaviors than males? A. Specific Learning Disorder B. Autism Spectrum Disorders C. Intellectual Disorder D. Global Developmental Delay The disorders with onset during the developmental period that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains. A. Autism Spectrum Disorders B. Global Developmental Delay C. Specific Learning Disorder D. Intellectual Disorder _____ is an impulse control disorder characterized by aggressive outbursts that occur suddenly and without notice. A. Oppositional Defiant Disorder B. Conduct Disorder C. Intermittent Explosive Disorder D. Antisocial Personality Disorder What are one of the risks for Intermittent Explosive Disorder? A. Individuals with a history of adverse childhood events are at increased risk for IED B. Harsh, inconsistent, or neglectful child-rearing practices are common in families of children and adolescents with IED. C. Individuals who experienced peer rejection, involvement with violent groups, and exposed to violent actions are increased risk for IED. D. All of the above _____________ is more than just normal childhood tantrums. A. Oppositional Defiant Disorder B. Intermittent Explosive Disorder C. Antisocial Personality Disorder D. Conduct Disorder What are the common symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder? A. Easily annoyed B. Low tolerance for frustration C. Noncompliance with even simple requests D. All of the above In diagnosing an individual with conduct disorder, one must have at least _______ of the following 15 criteria in the past 12 months. A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7 Amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation) is a common physiological disturbance in ______________. A. Anorexia Nervosa & Bulimia Nervosa B. Pica & Binge-Eating Disorder C. All of the above D. None of the above One of the criteria for this disorder is: persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood substances over a period of at least 1 month A. Bulimia Nervosa B. Anorexia Nervosa C. Pica D. Binge-Eating Disorder What disorders associated features displays a characteristic position of straining and arching the back with the head held back, making sucking movements with their tongue. A. Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder B. Rumination Disorder C. Binge-Eating Disorder D. Pica The most commonly observed disorders comorbid with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder are ______________. A. Anxiety Disorders B. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders C. None of the above D. Both A & B Below can co-occur with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder EXCEPT: A. Rumination Disorder B. Anxiety Disorders C. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder D. Neurodevelopmental Disorder Rhaenyra is in 7th grade. She shows severe delays in his capacity to analyze, solve issues, and learn from her experiences. In school, she has been slow to develop reading, writing, and mathematics skills. These skills have lagged behind her classmates throughout her childhood, and she is making slow progress. These deficiencies greatly hinder her capacity to play with peers in an age-appropriate manner and to begin to develop independent abilities at home. Daily, she requires continual assistance with basic functions (dressing, eating, and washing; doing any type of homework). Which of the following diagnosis best describes this symptom? A. Autism Spectrum Disorder B. Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) C. Childhood-onset Major Neurocognitive Disorder D. Communication Disorder A 10-year-old Viserys with a history of dyslexia but is otherwise developmentally normal is involved in a skating accident and suffers a serious traumatic brain injury. This has a tremendous global intellectual impact (with a persistent reading deficit that is more pronounced than his other newly acquired but stable deficits, along with a fullscale IQ of 75). His adaptive functioning is mildly impaired, and he requires assistance in some areas of functioning. In addition, he is experiencing nervous and depression symptoms as a result of his accident and hospitalization. What is the most improbable diagnosis? A. B. C. D. E. Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental Disorder) Traumatic Brain Injury Major Neurocognitive Disorder due to traumatic brain injury Specific Learning Disorder Adjustment Disorder *A 3 ½ -year-old Alicent with a history of lead exposure and a seizure disorder exhibits significant delays in multiple domains of functioning, including communication, learning, attention, and motor development, limiting her ability to interact with same-age peers and necessitating substantial support in all daily living activities at home. Unfortunately, her mother is a terrible historian, and the youngster has never gotten an official psychological or educational evaluation. She is about to be examined for kindergarten readiness. What is the best diagnosis? A. Developmental Coordination Disorder B. Autism Spectrum Disorder C. Specific Learning Disorder D. Global Developmental Delay *Daemon is 21 years old and has never been diagnosed with a developmental condition. He appeared for evaluation after taking a vacation from college. He makes little eye contact, does not appear to pick up on social signs, has lost interest in friends, spends hours each day on the computer surfing the Internet and playing games, and has become so sensitive to odors that he keeps multiple air fresheners in all areas of the house. He claims to have had longstanding friendships extending back to his childhood and high school years (corroborated by his parents). He claims to have made numerous acquaintances in his college fraternity. His parents indicate that he had good social and communication abilities as a child, despite being rather timid and somewhat rigid and ritualistic at home. What is the least likely diagnosis? A. Autism Spectrum Disorder B. Social Anxiety Disorder C. Schizophreniform Disorder D. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Aegon is 10 years old and has some moderate dietary aversions. He appreciates having the same book read to him at night but is not unhappy if his mother asks him to choose a different book. When his favorite show is on, he periodically spins around eagerly. He likes his toys nicely put in bins and is only moderately offended when his sister leaves them on the floor. These characteristics are suggestive of an autism spectrum condition. A. False B. True C. All of the above D. None of the above A 17-year-old Criston who has a history of bullying and initiating fights with bats and knives has also stolen from others, set explosions, destroyed property, broken into homes, and "conned" others. Except for the Criterion A behavior categories, this pattern of disturbing conduct encompasses all of the Criterion A behavior categories. A. Malevolent intent B. Destruction of property and aggression toward people and animals C. Deceitfulness D. Serious violations of rules A 15-year-old student with no known mental history has been caught stealing other kids' laptops and cell phones, even though he comes from an affluent household and his parents continue to buy the latest technologies for him to prevent him from stealing. Which of the following would make you suspicious that he has kleptomania? A. He demonstrates recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects that are not needed for personal use or their monetary value. B. He demonstrates recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal objects during periods of detachment or boredom. C. He experiences increased tension before committing the theft but does not experience relief, pleasure, or gratification while committing the theft. D. He has a strong family history of antisocial personality disorder and conduct disorder.