French 3 Study Guide

French 3 Study Guide Different types of animals: A animal- Un animal un poisson-fish un lapin- rabbit une souris- mouse une tortue- tortoise un cheval- horse une vache- cow un canard- duck une poule-hen une chèvre- goat Un serpent- snake Le papillon- the butterfly Le singe- the monkey L'éléphant- the elephant Le chien- the dog Le poulet- the chicken L’ours- the bear The ant- la fourmi La baleine- the whale Le loup- the wolf l’abeille - the bee Le cochon- the pig Le requin- the shark L'araignée- the spider Jouer= to play With jouer, the preposition is also à or de, which depends on the situation it is in - Jouer de + music and musical instruments - Jouer à + game or sport The verb faire (to do) may be required. If a preposition should be required it is always de Sports- les sports Anglais Français In a sentence Basketball Le basket Jouer au basket Biking le vélo faire du vélo, faire de la bicyclette Boxing La boxe faire de la boxe Football Le football américain Jouer au football Hockey Le hockey Jouer au hockey Skiing Le ski Faire du ski (skier) Soccer Le football Jouer au foot(ball) Swimming La natation Faire de la natation (nager) Tennis La tennis Jouer au tennis Wrestling La lutte Faire de la lutte (lutter) Hobbies- les passe-temps Anglais Français In a sentence Cooking La cuisine Faire de la cuisine Crocheting Le crochet Faire du crochet Crossword puzzle Des mots croisés Faire des mots croisés Dancing La danse Faire la danse Fishing La pêche Aller à la pêche Gardening Le jardinage Faire du jardinage hiking La radonnée Faire de la randonnée Hunting La chasse Faire de la chasse Jigsaw puzzle Un puzzle Faire un puzzle Jogging Le jogging Faire du jogging Knitting Le tricot Faire le tricot Movie Un film Regarder un film Music La musique Écouter la musique/ jouer de la musique Painting Le peinture Faire de la peinture Reading La lecture Faire de la lecture Sailing La voile Faire de la voile Sewing La couture Faire de la couture television La téléivision Regarder La téléivision Tv La télé Regarder La télé Games- Les jeux Anglais Français In a sentence Card games Les jeux des cartes Jouer aux jeux de cartes Board games Les jeux de société Jouer aux jeux de société Checkers Le jeu de dames Jouer aux jeux de cartes Chess Les éches Jouer aux échecs Word games Les jeux de lettres Jouer aux jeux de lettres Hop Le billard Jouer au billard Video games Les jeux Jouer aux jeux vidéos Darts les fléchettes Jouer aux fléchettes Other verbs to use besides jouer for example: Aimer (to like) Vouloir (to want to) Détester (to hate) Regular -er verbs When conjugating -er verbs you have to remove the ending which is the er part and then you have to add one of the following verbs to the end of it depending on who you are addressing. Je -e Nous -ons Tu -es Vous -ez il -e ils -ent Some common regular -er verbs Partager- to share Arriver- to arrive, to happen Bouger- to move Brosser- to brush Chanter- to sing Commencer- to begin/start Corriger- to correct Demander- to ask for Effacer- to erase chercher - to look for Corriger- to correct Donner- to give Gagner- to win Féliciter- to congratulate Manquer- to miss Monter- to climb Visiter- to visit Voyager- to travel Trouver- to find Regarder- to watch Travailler- to work To celebrate- fêter Manger- to eat Abaisser- to lower, to push/pull down Glisser- to slide Étudier to study Habiter- to live Abîmer- to ruin Penser- to think Marcher- to walk, to function Nager- to swim Aimer- to like, to love Skier- to ski The majority of -er verbs follow this pattern the exceptions for this rule are aller and stem changing verbs. For example Accent Graves: When verbs have an accent grave on it you have to change the accent on the é from this way to this type of è when dealing with this type of -er verbs that deal with stem changing. 1. posséder – to possess 2. céder – to give up, dispose of 3. célébrer – to celebrate 4. considérer – to consider 5. différer – to differ 6. inquiéter – to worry 7. espérer – to hope 8. exagérer – to exaggerate 9. gérer – to manage 10. modérer – to moderate 11. révéler – to reveal 12. pénétrer – to enter 13. compléter – to complete 14. posséder – to possess 15. préférer – to prefer 16. différer – to differ 17. protéger – to protect ( protéger is also a spelling change verb) 18. refléter – to reflect 19. répéter – to repeat 20. révéler – to reveal 21. suggérer – to suggest 22. espérer – to hope 23. altérer – to alter If a verb doesn’t have an accent already on it you just to add the accent onto the e which makes it è For example: Je lever to Je lève Or Je acheter to Je achetè Y to I verbs If a verb ends in -oyer, -ayer, -uyer there has to be a stem change to turn the Y into I it is REQUIRED Je -ie nous -ons Tu -ies vous -ez Il -ie ils -ient Double consonant verbs For French verbs that end in -eter and -eler you have to double the t or l for the stem changed conjugations For example for doubling up the Ts: Je jetter Je jette Tu jettes Il jette nous jettons vous jettez ils jettent Indicative- present tense You have to remove the infinitive ending which is the (re ir, or er) Then you have to add the correct ending depending on the pronoun and what infinitive ending it is under pronoun Er re Ir Je e s is Tu es s Is il/elle e --- it Nous ons Ons Issons Vous ez ez issez ils/elles ent Ent Issent Subjunctive First you have to start with the present tense and use the subject that you are addressing and then drop the ending of that presentense then add the appropriate subjunctive ending. For example: Conjugating partir with ils would be: Partent Because you would keep the stem which is part- than add the correct ending for that subject which would be -ent in this case Another example: Conjugating vendre with tu would be: Vendes Because you would keep the stem which is vend- then add the correct ending for that subject which would be -es in this case. Subject Ending -ir verbs -er verbs -re verbs ----- ------ ---- ----- ---- Je -e e e e tu -es es es es Il -e e e e Nous -ons ions ions ions Vous -ez iez iez iez Ils -ent ent ent Ent Future tense of irregular verbs Verbs that happen to be irregular in the future have future stems that are -r or -rr. You have to add the future endings to these stems to be able to get the correct future form which can be seen blow with different types of infinitives Infinitive Future stem Avoir (to have) aur- Aller (to go) ir- Devoir (to have) devr- Envoyer (to send) enverr- Faire (to do/to make) fer- Falloir (to be necessary) faudr- Courir Courr- Cueillir (to pick) cueiller- Mourir (to die) mourr- Venir (to come) viendr- Recevoir (to receive) recevr- Vouloir (to wish, to want) Voudrr- Savoir (to know) saur- Pouvoir purr- The conditional of regular verbs (conditionnel) When doing the future of regular verbs all you have to do is add the ending. For example: Parler with il all you would do is make it: il parlera All you have to do is follow what subject you're doing it for and what ending it falls under. subject Ending -ir verbs -re verbs -er verbs je -ai ai ai ai tu -as as as as il/elle/on -a a a a Nous -ons ions ons ons Vous -ez iez ez ez ils/elles/on -ont iont ont Ont L’imparfait (the imperfect) tense The imperfect tense is in the past tense. This tense is used to describe actions in the past that were ongoing or repeated over time. There are these certain endings for the l’imparfait that you add at the end of the root of the present tense which depends on the subject form that you are using which is (je, tu, il/elle/on, nous, vous, ils/elles/on) IMPORTANT: When taking the nous form of the verb in the present tense Ex: nous jouons finissons attendions You have to remove the ons and follow with the ending that it goes under depending on if it is a ir, re or er -ir -re -er Je issais Ais ais tu issais ais ais il/elle/on issait ait ait nous issions ions ions Vous issiez iez iez ils/elles Issiaient aient aient La Martinique vocabulaire: La martinique is a caribbean island which is an overseas region of france. Its culture is a reflection of a combination of West Indian and French influences. Here is some vocab to help with understanding this chapter. le marché- the market la forêt tropicale- tropical forest Île- island Bateau- boat les gommiers- fishing boat le ski nautique- water skiing danser le zouk- dance the zouk les épices- spices le canne à sucre- sugar canes Piquer- to sting Fort-de-France- capital of Martinique Le Jardin de Balata- a botanical garden Montagne Pelée- volcano St Pierre- this is the former capital of Martinique but it was destroyed by a volcano that erupted se balader- to go for a walk le coucher de soleil- sunset les chutes d'eau- le sable noir les arbres- trees Où se trouve- where is des fruits tropicaux- tropical fruits Reflexive verbs in the imperative (which means commands) Lave-toi- get washed up (tu) ne te lave pas- do not get washed up (tu) Amuse-toi- have fun (tu) let's go for a walk- promenons (nous) Levez-vous- get up (vous) Excuse-toi (tu)- apologize (tu) let's have fun- amusons-nous Habille-toi- get dressed (tu) let's not rest- ne nous reposons pas (nous) ne t'excuse pas- don’t apologize (tu) Passé composé This is when you combine avoir or Étre in present tense with the past participle of the main verb Avoir (present tense) J ‘ai Tu as il/elle a Nous avons Vous avez ils/elles Ont Étre (present tense) Je suis Tu es il/elle est Nous sommes Vous êtres ils/elles sont -Er ------> É -ir --------> I - re------> U Étre - ------> été faire--------> fait avoir------> eu Pouvoir --------> pu Vouloir------> voulu Some more vocabulary: faire de la balançoire- to swing faire de la bascule-to seesaw aller au cirque (m.)- to go to the circus faire du manège- to go on a carasol faire des farces (f.)- to make jokes grimper aux arbres (m.)- to climb trees jouer aux billes (f.)- to play marbles regarder des dessins animés- to watch cartoons sauter à la corde- to jump rope les souvenirs d'enfance- childhood memories quand j'étais petit(e)- when I was little quand j'étais (plus) jeune- when I was young (younger) quand j'avais ___ ans- when I was ___ years old Computer Vocab: un écran- a screen une imprimante-a printer un ordinateur-a computer démarrer, allumer-to switch on Brancher- to plug in un logiciel- a software la wifi-wireless une touche- a key Éteindre- to switch off/ to shut down un disque externe- an external hard drive Télécharger- to download Sauvegarder- to save en ligne- on line un réseau- a network une télécommande- a remote control une pièce jointe- an attachment un courriel, un mél- an email message un navigateur- a browser un portable- any portable device un clavier- a keyboard le courant- power une télécommande- a remote control une oreillette- a headset or an earpiece un moteur de recherche- a search engine planter-to crash Nature: Une nature- nature Un climat- climate Un arbuste- bush Une campagne-countryside Un nuage-cloud un désert- desert Un feu- fire une forêt- forest Une terre-earth Un Glacier- glacier Un lac- lake Une colline-hill une rivière- a river un arc-en-ciel- rainbow Un monde-world Un ciel-sky Money/bank: Argent-money Solde- balance Carte de crédit- credit card carnet de chèques- checkbook Pièce- coin Frais- fees Monnaie- currency distributeur automatique de billets- atm machine taux d'intérêts- interests rates Emprunt- money agios-overdraft/commission fees Déposer- to deposit Gagner- to earn Perdre- to lose faire des économies- to save money Dépenser- to spend Retrait- withdrawal Movies vocabulary: comédien, acteur- actor Public- audience Prix- award, prize Personnage- character générique-credits Comédie- comedy Célèbre- famous Comique- comedian bande annonce- trailer Tourner- to shoot Sortir- to come out (movie) Étoile- star Son- sound tapis rouge-red carpet Accessoire- prop Film- movie réalisateur/trice- movie director Asking for directions: autour de-around au coin de-at the corner Gauche- left Devant-in front of au milieu de-in the middle of Dans-in en face de- across of Entre- between Derrière-behind au bout de- at the end of à gauche de- left of au coin de- at the corner à côté de- next to près de- near me Sur-on Sous- under Droite-right à droite de-right of tout droit-straight ahead Clothes Vocabulary: La chemise-shirt Les chaussettes-socks Les chaussures- shoes Le chapeau- hat Le chemisier-blouse Le complet- man’s suit Les collants-partyhose La cravate-tie Le complet-man’s suit Les habits-clothing L'impermeabile- rain coat Le jean-jeans Le maillot de bain-bathing suit Le manteau-coat La jupe- skirt Le pantalon-pants Le pull-sweater La robe-dress Les sandales- sandals Le tailleur- woman’s suit Le short- shorts Le tee-shirt- t-shirt Le cotton- cotton Le veston-jacket Le bracelet- bracelet La chaine- chain Le collier-necklace La montre- watch Fruits and Vegetables: L’orange-orange La pomme- apple La myrtille- blueberry Le citron vert- lime La noix de coco- coconut La raisin-grape Le kiwi- kiwi fruit Le citron- lemon La mandarine-mandarine L’asperge- asparagus La banane- banana L'avocat- avocado La fraise- strawberry La cerise- cherry La framboise-raspberry Le melon- melon L'ananas-pineapple Le petit pois-peas La tomate- tomato L’aubergine-eggplant La mangue-mango La poire- pear Le chou fleur-cabbage La laitue-lettuce La prune- plum La carotte- carrot La pomme de terre-potato Le gingembre- ginger La champignon-mushrooms Le melon d’eau La citrouille-pumpkin Le brocoli- broccoli Le persil-parsley Le poivron-peppers