Gizmos Cell Energy Cycle Worksheet

Name: Date: Student Exploration: Cell Energy Cycle Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: aerobic, anaerobic, ATP, cellular respiration, chemical energy, chlorophyll, chloroplast, cytoplasm, glucose, glycolysis, mitochondria, photosynthesis, radiant energy Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What does a plant need to survive and grow? A plant needs air, light, water, food/nutrition, and a place to grow. 2. What does an animal need to survive and grow? An animal needs air, water, food, and a place to grow. 3. How do animals and plants depend on each other? Animals and plants depend on each other because some animals depend on plants as a food source, some plants depend on certain animals to get rid of some bugs that ruin them, and all animals depend on plants for oxygen. Gizmo Warm-up The Cell Energy Cycle Gizmo™ illustrates two processes that are essential to life: photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Although both of these processes involve a series of complex steps, the inputs and outputs of each process are four relatively simple molecules. 1. What is the chemical formula of oxygen? O2 2. Glucose is a simple sugar. What is the chemical formula of glucose? C6H12O6 3. What is the chemical formula of carbon dioxide? CO2 4. What is the chemical formula of water? H2O Get the Gizmo ready: Activity A: Photosynthesis ● If necessary, click Reset. ● Check that the PHOTOSYNTHESIS tab is selected. Check that Description is turned on. Introduction: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle found in plant and algae cells. Within the chloroplast, a green pigment called chlorophyll converts the radiant energy of sunlight into chemical energy that the plant can use. Question: What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis? 1. Predict: Of the molecules shown on the MOLECULES pane, which do you think are inputs (ingredients) in photosynthesis? Which do you think are outputs? Inputs: Sunlight and H2O Outputs: O2 2. Explore: Drag each molecule from the MOLECULES pane to the chloroplast on the PHOTOSYNTHESIS pane. If a molecule is an input, it will stay in the chloroplast. Which molecules are inputs in photosynthesis? The inputs of photosynthesis are H2O, CO2, and sunlight/light energy. 3. Observe: Click Add light and look at the Output. What are the outputs of photosynthesis? The outputs of photosynthesis are O2 and C6H12O6. 4. Summarize: Although photosynthesis is a complex process involving many reactions, it can be summarized by a simplified formula that shows inputs on the left and outputs on the right. Based on your observations, write a simplified formula for photosynthesis: Oxygen (O2) + Glucose (C6H12O6)  Sunlight + Turn on Show input/output formula to check. Were you correct? Yes I was. Water (H2O) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 5. Challenge: To balance the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis, there should be the same number of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms on each side of the arrow. A. Is the formula balanced as written? Why or why not? No because there should be an equal amount of the inputs and outputs atoms. B. Now balance the input/output formula by adding coefficients to each molecule. Write the balanced formula below, and then check your work by clicking Balance. C. 6 Activity B: Cellular respiration Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + 6 Water (H2O)  6 Oxygen (O2) + 1 Glucose (C6H12O6) Get the Gizmo ready: ● Click Reset. ● Select the RESPIRATION tab. Introduction: Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and in mitochondria, organelles found in all complex cells. (Bacteria and other simple organisms do not contain mitochondria.) The Gizmo shows a mitochondrion surrounded by yellow cytoplasm. Question: What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration? 1. Predict: Of the molecules shown on the MOLECULES pane, which do you think are inputs (ingredients) in cellular respiration? Which do you think are outputs? Inputs: Water (H2O) Outputs: Oxygen (O2) 2. Explore: Drag each molecule from the MOLECULES pane to the RESPIRATION pane. Which molecules are inputs in cellular respiration? The inputs in cellular respiration are C6H12O6 and O 2. 3. Observe: Click Next. What happens in the cytoplasm? What happens in the cytoplasm is the glucose (C6H12O6 ) molecule splits into two pyruvate molecules. A little bit of energy is also made. This process is called glycolysis. Two pyruvate (C3H3O3–) molecules are produced in glycolysis. The released energy is used to form a net of two ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules. Energy is later released when ATP molecules are broken down. 4. Observe: Click Next. What happens now? What happens now is that the two pyruvate molecules move into the mitochondrion. 5. Observe: Click Next. What happens in the mitochondrion? What happens in the mitochondrion is that the pyruvate gets broken down and then energy is made/produced, carbon dioxide and water are then released. Energy from the mitochondrion is also stored in the form of ATP. A net of 30 ATP molecules are produced for every two molecules of pyruvate. 6. Analyze: Cellular respiration involves two phases. The anaerobic phase does not involve oxygen, while the aerobic phase does. Where does each phase take place? Anaerobic: The anaerobic phase takes place in the cytoplasm. Aerobic: The aerobic phase takes place in the mitochondria. Reproduction for educational use only. Public sharing or posting prohibited. © 2020 ExploreLearning™ All rights reserved 7. Summarize: Based on what you have seen, write a simplified formula for cellular respiration. Glucose (C6H12O6) + Oxygen (O2)  Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + Water (H2O) Turn on Show input/output formula to check. Were you correct? Energy (E) Yes I was. 6. Challenge: To balance the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration, there should be the same number of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms on each side of the arrow. A. Is the formula balanced as written? Why or why not? I think it isn’t because it only shows a little bit of certain molecules when there should probably be more. B. Now balance the input/output formula by adding coefficients to each molecule. Write the balanced formula below, and then check your work by clicking Balance. 1 Glucose (C6H12O6) + 6 Oxygen (O2)  6 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) + 6 Water (H2O) 8. Compare: The aerobic phase of cellular respiration in the mitochondrion produces a net of about 28 to 30 ATP molecules. How does this compare to the energy released in glycolysis? How this compares to the energy released in glycolysis is that the aerobic phase produces 28-30 because more oxygen is being used. (Note: Some textbooks state that up to 36 ATP molecules are produced in this phase of cellular respiration. In reality, some energy is lost in the process due to the cost of transporting molecules and imperfect membranes.) 9. Extend your thinking: When you think of the word