Hormone Replacement Therapy

9/30/2020 PhysioEx Exercise 4 Activity 3 PhysioEx Lab Report Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy Name: Date: 30 September 2020 Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 75% by answering 3 out of 4 questions correctly. 1 Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) You correctly answered: stimulates ovarian follicle development. 2 Estrogen Your answer: is an anterior pituitary hormone secretion. Correct answer: is produced by developing ovarian follicles. 3 Calcitonin You correctly answered: works against the development of osteoporosis. 4 Which of the following statements is true ? You correctly answered: The ovaries stop secreting estrogen after menopause. Experiment Results Predict Questions 1 Predict Question 1: What effect will the saline injections have on the control rat's vertebral bone density? Your answer: The saline injections will not change the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by an unchanging T score). 2 Predict Question 2: What effect will the estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat's vertebral bone density? Your answer: The estrogen injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score). i 1/3 9/30/2020 PhysioEx Exercise 4 Activity 3 3 Predict Question 3: What effect will the calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat's vertebral bone density? Your answer: The calcitonin injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score). Stop & Think Questions Experiment Data Rat Elapsed Days Saline injections Estrogen injections Calcitonin injections T score Control 7 7 0 0 -2.82 Estrogen 7 0 7 0 -1.59 Calcitonin 7 0 0 7 -2.21 Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1 Saline injections were used in this experiment to measure the effect of You correctly answered: a placebo on bone density. 2 In the ovariectomized rats used in this experiment You correctly answered: osteoporosis was evident prior to the injections of estrogen. 3 Injection of calcitonin into an ovariectomized rat will You correctly answered: inhibit osteoclast activity and stimulate calcium uptake and deposition in long bones. 4 As the rat's bone density increases You correctly answered: the X-ray scanning assay reports a less-negative T-score. Review Sheet Results 1 Why were ovariectomized rats used in this experiment? How does the fact that the rats are ovariectomized explain their baseline T scores? Your answer: Ovariectomized rats were used because these rats are no longer producing estrogen and will exhibit bone loss due to osteoporosis. There T scores are going to be at or below -2.5 because of the amount of bone loss they have suffered. i 2/3 9/30/2020 PhysioEx Exercise 4 Activity 3 2 What effect did the administration of saline injections have on the control rat? How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: It had no effect on the rat at all just as I predicted. 3 What effect did the administration of estrogen injections have on the estrogen-treated rat? How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: Estrogen injection helped increase the T score so that it became more positive just as I had predicted. 4 What effect did the administration of calcitonin injections have on the calcitonin-treated rat? How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: The calcitonin injections helped increase the T score so that it became more positive but it did not help as much as estrogen did. My predictions was correct. 5 What are some health risks that postmenopausal women must consider when contemplating estrogen hormone-replacement therapy? Your answer: Some health risks associated with estrogen therapy in the postmenopausal phase are the development of breast, endometrial, ovarian and other types of cancer as well as other serious health conditions such as blood clotting. i 3/3