Levels of Organization in the Human Body (Chemical Level)

Levels of Organization in the Human Body (CHEMICAL LEVEL) 1. 1. Chemical level 2. Organelle level 3. Cellular Level 4. Tissue level 4 Organizational Levels 2. Chemical Level This level deals with the bodys Chemistry, about atoms and how they bond together to create molecules, water and how it is the basis of solutions, and organic molecules and their importance in the body 3. Element has a unique set of chemical properties and cannot be separated by chemical methods 4. oxygen 65.00% 5. Carbon 18% 6. Hydrogen 10.00% 7. Nitrogen 3.00% 8. Calcium 1.50% 9. Phosphorus 1.00% 10. Sulfur 0.25% 11. Potassium 0.20% 12. Atom the smallest piece of an element still exhibiting the elements unique set of chemical properties 13. Protons, Electrons, Neutrons What are atoms composed of 14. number of 1/4 Levels of Organization in the Human Body (CHEMICAL LEVEL) 15. Atomic number number of protons is indicated by ---- 16. Add the number of protons and neutrons How ddo you get the atomic mass 17. Isotopes have the same number of protons of every other atom of that element but have different number of neutrons 18. Covalent bond Ionic Bond Hydrogen bonds What are the different bonds 19. Covalent bond two or more atoms share electrons to fill their outer shells 20. Ionic bond two or more atoms bind to form a molecule by giving up or receiving electrons from each other to fill their outer shells 21. Ions they are attached to each other because of their opposite charges, so they form a bond resukting in an electrically neutral molecule 22. Electrolytes they are ionically bonded molecules separate into their individual ions. when placed in water thery are capable of conducting electricity 23. Hydrogen bond it is a weak bond that occurs between positively charged hydrogen atom and a negatively charged oxygen or nitrogen atom 24. Water It serves as key functions in the body, the human body contains 60-70% of it 25. Functions of water in the body 1. Chemicallt separates ionically bonded molecules into individual ions called 2/4 Levels of Organization in the Human Body (CHEMICAL LEVEL) electrolytes 2. It works as a lubricant in tears and the fluid of joints 3.Aids in chemical reaction, like saliva during digestion 4. Water is used to transport nutrients and wastes in blood plasma 5. It is also used for temperature regulation. 26. Solute and solvent two basic parts of solution 27. Concentration refers to the amount of solute present in a solution relative to the amount of solvent. 28. Tonicity used when comparing solutions 29. Hypertonic more concentrated with solutes that other solutions 30. Isotonic has the same concentration of solutes as the other solutions 31. Hypotonic it is less concentrated with solutes that the other solutions 32. Acid a molecule that releases hydrogen ion when added to water 33. Base a molecule that accepts the hydrogen, often releasing a hyroxide ion when added to water 34. pH it used to measure the strength of acids and bases has a scale of 0-14 stands for Potential of Hydrogen 35. Organic molecules 3/4 Levels of Organization in the Human Body (CHEMICAL LEVEL) Comes from life and must contain atoms of the elements carbon and hydrogen 36. Car-Li-Pro-NA Carbohydrate lipids Proteins Nucleic Acid The organic Molecules 37. Carbohydrate C,H,O ratio 1:2:1 monosaccharides ex. Glucose, Glycogen 38. Lipid C,H,O 1:2:1 Fatty acids and glycerol Fats, Phospholipids 39. Protein C,H,O,N Amino acids keratin and collagen, hormones, enzymes 40. Nucleic Acid C,H,O,N,P Nucleotides DNA , RNA 41. Metabolism sum total of chemical reactions in the body 42. Speed of reactions 1. Increase the concentrations of the reactants 2. Increase the speed of the reactants 3. Use a catalyst 43. Adenosine Triphosphate the energy released from glucose molecule in cellular respiration must be converted to a usable form 4/4