Chapter 26 The Reproductive System Answers Part 1

Chapter 26 The Reproductive System 1) Complete this analogy: Testes are to gonads as sperm are to: A) gametes. B) estrogen. C) ova. D) sex hormones. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.1.1 2) The reduction in the number of chromosomes to half the normal count occurs during: A) crossing over. B) fertilization. C) meiosis. D) mitosis. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.2 3) A parent cell has 28 chromosomes and completes meiosis. How many chromosomes result in each cell produced? A) 28 chromosomes B) 56 chromosomes C) 14 chromosomes D) 46 chromosomes Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.1.2 4) The fusion of sperm and egg is known as: A) meiosis. B) cleavage. C) mitosis. D) fertilization. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.2 1 5) How many tetrads form during synapsis of meiosis for humans? A) 4 B) 23 C) 46 D) 98 Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.2 6) Meiosis is a special type of cell division that produces: A) gametes. B) myocytes. C) hepatocytes. D) neurons. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.3 7) During what phase are homologous chromosomes separated from one another and pulled toward opposite poles of the cell by spindle fibers? A) anaphase I B) metaphase I C) anaphase II D) telophase I Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.3 8) What shuffles the alleles and causes homologous chromosomes to no longer be identical during meiosis? A) synapsis B) crossing over C) formation of tetrads D) cytokinesis Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.1.3 9) Where does sperm production occur within the testis? A) rete testis B) interstitial cells C) myoid cells D) seminiferous tubules Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.1 2 10) Sperm in the epididymis travel immediately next to the: A) urethra. B) efferent ductules. C) ductus deferens. D) rete testis. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.2.2 11) Which of the following ducts travels through the prostate gland? A) epididymis B) ejaculatory duct C) ductus deferens D) spongy urethra Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.2 12) Which of the following is NOT a region of the male urethra? A) serosa B) prostatic C) membranous D) spongy Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.1 13) Which portion of the penis is called the foreskin? A) prepuce B) root C) body D) glans penis Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.1 14) Which of the following male accessory sex glands produces a yellowish secretion containing fructose, prostaglandins, coagulating proteins and enzymes? A) prostate gland B) ejaculatory duct C) bulbourethral gland D) seminal vesicle Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.3 3 15) Enlargement of the prostate gland can constrict the: A) epididymis. B) ductus deferens. C) seminal vesicle. D) ejaculatory duct. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.2.3 16) What component allows semen to temporarily coagulate once ejaculated? A) alkaline pH B) antimicrobial chemicals C) fructose D) clotting proteins Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.4 17) Semen is expelled from the body during: A) fertilization. B) erection. C) ejaculation. D) coagulation. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.2.4 18) Contraction of the cremaster muscle: A) propels sperm through the urethra. B) moves sperm through the ductus deferens. C) wrinkles the scrotal skin. D) pulls the testes closer to the body. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.2.3 19) The process of male gamete, or sperm cell, development is known as: A) mitosis. B) spermatogenesis. C) fertilization. D) oogenesis. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 4 20) What stem cell begins the process of spermatogenesis? A) secondary spermatocyte B) spermatid C) primary spermatocyte D) spermatogonium Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 21) How many spermatids result from one spermatogonium? A) 2 B) 4 C) 8 D) 16 Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 22) Spermiogenesis begins with a ________ and ends with a ________. A) sperm, spermatid B) primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte C) spermatid, sperm D) spermatogonium, spermatid Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 23) Damage to the sustentacular cells of the testes could impair: A) FSH and LH production. B) production of estrogens. C) spermatogenesis. D) oogenesis. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 24) What is the maturation process in which spermatids elongate and shed excess cytoplasm? A) meiosis I B) meiosis II C) spermiogenesis D) spermatogenesis Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.1 5 25) Which of the following is the main hormone that regulates spermatogenesis? A) estrogen B) testosterone C) growth hormone D) inhibin Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.2 26) What is the action of luteinizing hormone (LH)? A) LH stimulates the secretion of interstitial-cell stimulating hormone (ICSH). B) LH stimulates interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone. C) LH stimulates the secretion of inhibin. D) LH stimulates the sustentacular cells of the testes to secrete androgen-binding protein (ABP). Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.2 27) Determine the effect of inhibin on male hormone production. A) Inhibin decreases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. B) Inhibin increases luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. C) Inhibin decreases the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). D) Inhibin increases testosterone secretion. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.3.2 28) A male bodybuilder takes testosterone supplements to increase his muscle mass. After three weeks, which of the following do you expect to observe? A) Excess testosterone inhibits production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). B) Excess testosterone increases production of luteinizing hormone (LH). C) Excess testosterone increases production of estrogens. D) Excess testosterone inhibits production of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 3) Application Learning Outcome: 26.3.2 29) The movement of sperm, testicular fluids, and secretions from the prostate gland and seminal vesicle into the urethra is known as: A) expulsion. B) ejaculation. C) erection. D) emission. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.4 6 30) Which of the following is under control of the parasympathetic nervous system? A) emission B) ejaculation C) erection D) expulsion Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.4 31) An elderly man, Mr. Gee, is unable to maintain an erection. Classify his condition. A) resolution B) flaccid C) impotence D) refractory period Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.3.4 32) At what point in life does spermatogenesis begin in a male? A) before birth B) birth C) childhood D) puberty Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.3 33) Which of the following is NOT an anabolic effect of testosterone? A) Testosterone increases the number of erythrocytes. B) Testosterone increases skeletal muscle mass. C) Testosterone increases bone density. D) Testosterone increases libido. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.5 34) Decline in male reproductive functions occur during: A) menopause. B) menarche. C) andropause. D) puberty. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.3.6 7 35) A seventy-five year old male has noticed he has had difficulty urinating. His physician says his difficulty is most likely due to an enlarged gland known as the: A) epididymis. B) prostate gland. C) bulbourethral gland. D) seminal vesicle. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.3.6 36) What is the main female gonad? A) uterus B) ovary C) vagina D) cervix Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 37) Which ligament anchors the ovary to the uterus? A) broad ligament B) ovarian ligament C) infundibulopelvic ligament D) suspensory ligament Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 38) From its proximal end at the uterus as it approaches the ovary, the regions of the uterine tube are: A) isthmus, ampulla, fimbriae, infundibulum. B) isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, fimbriae. C) isthmus, infundibulum, ampulla, fimbriae. D) ampulla, isthmus, infundibulum, fimbriae. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 39) Where does fertilization usually occur? A) infundibulum of the uterine tube B) vagina C) ampulla of the uterine tube D) uterus Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1, 26.4.3 8 40) Where should a fertilized ovum implant? A) vagina B) infundibulum of the uterine tube C) uterus D) ampulla of the uterine tube Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 41) Which of the following is the most inferior portion of the uterus? A) fundus B) cervix C) infundibulum D) body Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 42) What portion of the uterus is composed of smooth muscle and contracts rhythmically during orgasm and childbirth? A) peritoneum B) perimetrium C) endometrium D) myometrium Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.2 43) What part of the female reproductive system receives the penis during sexual intercourse? A) vagina B) uterus C) clitoris D) uterine tube Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 44) What effect do you think douching, or washing, has on the vagina? A) Douching damages the ridge-like rugae inside the vagina. B) Douching washes away beneficial bacteria and alters the pH balance of the vagina. C) Douching removes mucus made by the stratified squamous epithelium of the vaginal walls. D) Douching washes away the cilia lining the mucous membrane of the vagina. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 9 45) Which of the following is NOT part of the female's external genitalia? A) labia minora B) clitoris C) vagina D) mons pubis Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 46) Blockage to the mammary ducts of the mammary gland prevents the passage of: A) sperm. B) mucus. C) milk. D) sweat. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 2) Comprehension Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 47) What structures are NOT present in a non-lactating female? A) lobules B) alveoli C) mammary ducts D) lobules Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.4.1 48) When are all oogonia formed in females? A) before birth B) during infancy C) at puberty D) early adulthood Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.5.1 49) Which of the following can be fertilized? A) secondary oocyte B) polar body C) primary oocyte D) oogonium Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1) Knowledge Learning Outcome: 26.5.1 10