ENDOCRINE CHART Organ/Gland Hypothalamus Anterior Pituitary/ Hormone Target CRH Corticotropin-Releasing Anterior pituitary gland Hormone PIH prolactin-inhibiting hormone Anterior pituitary gland (dopamine) GHRH growth-hormone-releasing Anterior pituitary gland hormone GHIH growth-hormone-inhibiting Anterior pituitary gland hormone TRH thyrotropin-releasing Anterior pituitary gland hormone LHRH (GnRH) Luteinizing Anterior pituitary gland hormone-releasing hormone FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone Ovary and testis Adenohypophysis LH Luteinizing hormone ACTH Adrenocorticotropic hormone TSH Thyroid-stimulating hormone Prolactin GH Growth hormone Inhibit prolactin secretion Stimulate secretion of growth hormone Inhibit growth hormone secretion Stimulate secretion of TSH Stimulate secretion of FSH and LH Female: formation of eggs, follicle development Male:form sperms Ovary and testis Female: induce estrogen, signal ovulation Male: induce testosterone Adrenal cortex (zona fasciculate) Stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol) Thyroid gland Stimulate secretion of thyroid hormones (T3, T4) Breast/Mammillary gland Milk production (not secrete milk) Liver, bone, muscle Promotes bone and muscle growth, protein synthesis, cell division, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism Milk secretion, uterine contractions during laboring, social bonding (cuddle hormone) Increase reabsorption of body water (concentration of urine, vascular Posterior Pituitary/ Oxytocin Brain, uterus, breast Neurohypophysis ADH/vasopressin Antidiuretic hormone TH (T3, T4) thyroid hormone Kidney Thyroid Effects Stimulate secretion of ACTH constriction, increase blood pressure) All cells Control rate of body metabolism Bone, blood Stimulating calcium deposit in bones (increase Ca uptake), decrease blood calcium Release Ca in bone, increase blood calcium (produce from Follicular cells) Calcitonin (produce from Parafollicular cells) Parathyroid PTH parathyroid hormone Bone, blood (produce from Chief cells) Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Medulla Pancreas Pineal Gland Mineralcorticoids: Kidney Aldosterone (zona glomerulosa) Increase renal reabsorption of Na and water Glucocorticoids: cortisol (zona fasciculate) Sex hormones: DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone (zona reticularis) Nor/Epinephrine All cells control blood glucose levels during stress (long-term stress hormone) Gonad/all cells Convert into testosterone and estrogenàsecondary sex characteristics All cells Increase cardiac activity, blood pressure, glycogen breakdown , blood glucose levels (short-term stress hormone) Insulin (beta cells) Most cells Facilitate uptake of glucose, decrease blood sugar Glucagon (alpha cells) Liver, all cells Melatonin Brain Glycogen breakdown in liver, release glucose, increase blood glucose levels Influenced circadian rhythms/sleep-wake cycle