University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
BIO 273 | Clinical Microbiology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

424

Pages:

2
Author:

do3ran7ut

Ebstein Barr Virus Features: 1. Enveloped virus Pathogenesis: 1. EBV envelope glycoprotein binds to CD21 to infect B cells a. CD21 is a receptor for the complement component C3D 2. EBV remains latent in B cells Diseases: 1. Infectious Mononucleosis is characterized by: a. Fever b. Tender lymphadenopathy i. Posterior cervical region lymphadenopathy ii. Generalized lymphadenopathy c. Spleenomegaly (50-60%) i. Because of T cell proliferation d. Hepatomegaly i. It is uncommon e. Pharyngitis f. Tonsillar exudates g. Infectious Mononucleosis is also called Kissing Disease (because it can be transmitted by saliva) h. It can sometimes be confused with Streptococcus pharyngitis due to similar clinical picture. The points of differentiation are:   Mononucleosis pharyngitis Assymptomatic at young age Maculopapular rash with ampicillin/amoxicillin Streptococcus pharyngitis  Symptomatic in children and adolescents  No such reaction 2. B cell Lymphoma a. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma i. Characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells that look like “owl’s eyes” b. Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma i. Burkitt Lymphoma is an important type which is divided as: 1. Endemic or African Burkitt Lymphoma a. Presents with large jaw lesion and swelling 2. Non-endemic or Sporadic Burkitt Lymphoma a. Develops in ileocecum and peritoneum 3. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma a. Associated with Asian EBV patients 4. Oral Hairy Leukoplakia a. Seen in patients with HIV b. Not a precancerous lesion c. Looks like candida but it cannot be scraped from tongue Lab Diagnosis: 1. Blood smear a. Reactive Cytotoxic CD8+ T Cells seen i. These are called Downey or Atypical Cells ii. These are large cells with a lot of cytoplasm iii. Nucleus might be: 1. Oval 2. Indented 3. Folded 2. Monospot Test a. Rapid diagnosis b. Clumping of RBCs is seen in the presence of certain antibodies i. The antibodies are called Heterophile Anti-Sheep RBC antibody (IgM) ii. These are secreted by B cells when activated by EBV during acute infection Treatment: 1. Supportive treatment 2. Patients should avoid contact sports due to risk of splenic rupture