University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
BIO 273 | Clinical Microbiology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

447

Pages:

2
Author:

ilikemyicons0y5

Herpes Simplex Virus Features: 1. Enveloped virus 2. Replicates in nucleus a. All DNA viruses replicate in nucleus (except Poxviruses which replicate in cytoplasm and Hepatitis B virus which replicates BOTH inside and outside the nucleus) 3. Double stranded and linear DNA virus 4. It is a TORCHeS infection 5. Important members of this family are: a. HSV 1 b. HSV 2 Transmission: 1. Sex 2. Saliva 3. Vertical Transmission Lab Diagnosis: 1. Microscopy a. Intranuclear inclusion bodies are seen which are called Cowdry Bodies 2. PCR a. Test of diagnosis 3. Tzank smear a. Shows multinucleated giant cells which are characteristic of herpes infection Prevention: There is no vaccine or proper prevention. Only the breakouts can be prevented by using: 1. Acyclovir 2. Valcyclovir HS HSV 1: This infection is confined to upper half of body. It presents with following symptoms: 1. Gingivostomatitis a. This is the first sign 2. Herpes Labialis a. Also called “cold sores” 3. Keratoconjunctivitis a. This is characterized by serpiginous corneal ulcers on Fluorescein slit lamp exam 4. Temporal Lobe Encephalitis a. Affects INFERIOR and MEDIAL temporal lobes b. Causes hemorrhage and necrosis of inferior and medial temporal lobes c. It also causes following: i. Fever ii. Headache HSV1 remains latent in iii. Seizure trigeminal ganglia and is iv. Altered mental status reactivated by: v. Olfactory hallucinations 1. Stress d. HSV1 is the #1 cause of sporadic Encephalitis in USA 2. Immunocompromisa 5. Herpes Rash tion a. “Dew drops on rose petal” appearance b. Herpetic whitlow i. Caused by both, HSV1 and HSV2 ii. Common in dentists 6. Erythema Multiform a. It is a hypersensitivity reaction b. Occurs on backs of hands and feet and then move in centrally c. Appear 1-2 weeks after infection HS HSV2: V2: It causes: 1. Herpes genitalis which is characterized by: a. Inguinal lymphadenopathy b. Painful and vesicular rash 2. Aseptic meningitis a. This occurs mostly in: i. Adolescents ii. Adults HSV2 remain latent in sacral ganglia and is reactivated by: 1. Stress 2. Immunocompromisa tion