• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Greek physician Hippocrates would have typically dealt with someone suffering from mental illness by focusing on correcting the imbalance of bodily fluids, or humors. In the United States, insanity is a term typically used by the legal system Studies have suggested the increased rates of major depressive disorder is women may have a basis in gender role, social factors, and emotional processing. ADHD disorder seems to hold an association with bipolar disorder Dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin are chemicals that has been implicated in mood disorders. All-or-nothing is the tendency to believe that one’s performance must be perfect, or the result will be a total failure. Overgeneralization is distortion of thinking in which a person draws sweeping conclusions based on only one incident or event and applies those conclusions to events that are unrelated to the original; the tendency to interpret a single negative even as a never-ending pattern of defeat and failures The major difference between dissociative amnesia and retrograde amnesia is retrograde amnesia patients often suffer from some form of physical brain trauma. Dissociative symptoms and features can be found in many different cultures. For example, in Southeast Asian and Pacific Islander cultures, people sometimes experience a trancelike state called amok that is associated with increased agitation and violent tendencies. The differences between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa is that individuals with bulimia may have a normal body weight, whereas those with anorexia tend to be severely under their expected body weight. Researchers believe that 40 to 60 percent of the risk for anorexia, bulimia, and bingeeating disorders is due to genetic factors. Stress is a major cause of sexual dysfunction Surveys suggest that about 40 to 50 percent of women and 20 to 30 percent if men have at least one sexual dysfunction. Most people with antisocial personality disorder are male. Ever-present distrust and suspiciousness of others is the most prominent feature of paranoid personality disorder that makes it sometimes difficult for individuals with this order to establish close and long-lasting relationships. Due to the types and degree of emotions often experienced by people with borderline personality disorder, their personal relationships are often characterized by intense emotions, impulsivity, and relative instability. Neuroimaging studies examining potential causes of schizophrenia have discovered that an area of the brain called the cingulum bundle appears to have significantly less myelin coating on the axons of its neurons in people with schizophrenia compared to those without the condition.