What did T Rex Taste Like (Answer Key)

Folder #1: Life on Earth is very diverse, yet all living things are related. Branching diagram show how living things are related to each other. 1. What are the names of the three major groups of all living organisms? Eukaryota, bacteria, archaea 2. Eukaryota includes what kinds of organisms? It includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists. 3. Bacteria includes what kinds of organisms? Single celled organisms found everywhere 4. Archaea includes what kinds of organisms? Single celled organisms that survive in extreme environments 5. If all life is related, why are the relationships not always obvious in terms of resemblances, or how much organisms resemble each other? Relationships are not always obvious because each generation has two parents and their children do not inherit exactly the same features. 6. What are the two big ideas you learned in Folder #1? Resemblance and inheritance are related but do not necessarily have to coexist. Life is diverse, yet all living things are related. Folder #2: Lineages can be traced back in time to find a point of common ancestry. 1. Copy the branching tree diagram that shows how a shark, tuna, frog, human, hare, caiman, and parrot are related. Also label the diagram and show the following: a. The frog’s distinct history b. The common ancestor for a human and a hare. c. The shared history for a tuna and a shark. Folder #3: Cladograms illustrate evolutionary relationships based upon shared inherited features. 1. What do cladograms tell us? They illustrate evolutionary relationships based upon shared inherited features. 2. How are inherited features represented on cladograms? Each branch on the cladogram represents a group of organisms that share special characteristics inherited from a common ancestor. 3. What features do humans share with frogs? They both share the feature of having amniotic eggs. 4. How are shared features used in cladograms? They are represented in the spaces between new branches on the diagram. Folder #4: Evolutionary relationships can be used to answer many kinds of questions about the history of life. Features Tables: As you explore folder 4, fill in this table with a +,- or ?. Shark tuna frog human hare caiman parrot T. rex Vertebrae + + + + + + + + Bony Skeleton - + + + + + + + 4 limbs - - + + + + + + Amniotic egg - - - + + + + ? hair - - - + + - - ? Opening in front of eye - - - - - + + + Vertebra e Boney skeleton 4 limbs Amniotic egg hair Opening in front of eye heel 4th & 5th finger loss bipedal caiman + + + + + + + - - parrot + + + + + + - + + T. rex + + + ? ? + - + + 1. What animal on the provided cladogram do we think T. rex was most closely related to? It can be reasonably gathered that the T-Rex is more closely related to the parrot. 2. What features does T. rex and this animal have in common that makes us think they are closely related? Shared lack of heel bone, bipedalism, and 4th and 5th digit loss. 3. So, what did T. rex probably taste like? Probably like chicken, assuming, of course, that parrot tastes like chicken. Include your work from this folder on a separate sheet of paper. Folder 5: Special Assignment: Solving T. rex's Identity Crisis Purpose: Use the cladogram and data on inherited features to make hypotheses about what T. rex was like. Materials needed: ∙ Cladogram and Additional Data ∙ Your completed Features Table Cladogram To the right is a simple cladogram indicating the proposed relationship among the caiman, parrot, and T. rex. Additional data This data table indicates the presence or absence of eleven additional features for the caiman and the parrot. Notice that the information about the T. rex has not been filled in. You will need to make that determination based upon what you have learned. Instructions: Examine the questions below. For at least three of the questions: 1. Decide if it is possible to answer the question with the data provided (the cladogram and data tables). 2. If it is not possible, what information is needed to be able to answer the question? 3. If it is possible, what kind of hypothesis would you make? What is the evidence for your statement? In your justification, make sure that you include information about common ancestors and shared inherited features. What other evidence would you look for that would support or refute your hypothesis? What other kinds of questions might be answered using the cladogram and data tables? Questions: (Pick at least 3) Did T. rex have an amniotic egg? Was T. rex warm-blooded or cold-blooded? Could T. rex have had feathers? Did T. rex have color vision? How many chambers were there in T. rex's heart? Did T. rex sing to its offspring? Did T. rex have color vision? We are unable to tell if T. rex had color vision because we do not have the living tissue samples to conduct experiments to find out. In most cases, color vision in animals is determined by examining the eye and finding out if it contains cones, and if so, what colors said cones can detect. Did T. rex sing to its offspring? We are unable to tell if T. rex sang to their offspring. Without observing the animal and its habits in the flesh, it remains a mystery. It’s like asking if your neighbor’s neighbor’s nephew principal puts salami on his/her PBJ. Without any sort of witness, it’s nothing more than conjecture. Was T. rex warm-blooded or cold-blooded? Given the “close” relation between T. rex and parrots, a warm blooded animal like most othe birds, as well as the other similarities already shared between the two, it can be reasonably concluded that T. rex were warm-blooded.