University:
McMaster University
Course:
NHW 100 | Nutrition Fundamentals
Academic year:

2021
Views:

416

Pages:

2
Author:

Sabrina S.

Module 2 Monoglyceride: one fatty acid bonded to glycerol Diglyceride: two fatty acids bonded to glycerol We can only absorb... Monosaccharides (CHO) Monoglycerides Fatty acids Glycerol Cholesterol Primary purpose of fat Energy during rest and low-intensity activities, including rest Being a building block for cell membranes (phospholipids layer) Food sources of lipids include meats, fish, nuts, seeds, dairy, eggs, avocados 3. Protein Polypeptide: protein Types of protein in our diet Whole proteins Individual amino acids AMDR 10-35% Amino acid is the building block of protein Peptide bond: connects amino acids together within a protein Primary purpose of proteins: cell maintenance, repair, and growth Secondary purpose: use as fuel for energy Sources: meat, beans, legumes, and some grains Micronutrients Those nutrients that we need or get very little of in our diet We need only milligrams, micrograms, or less Categories of micronutrients Vitamins Minerals Phytonutrients Aren't essential, however do provide health benefits Vitamins Come in two "types" Type Names Distinguishing Features Fat Soluble A, D, E, K Soluble in fat Stored in human body Toxicity can occur from consuming excess Water Soluble C, B Vitamins Water soluble Flushed out of the body Excess excreted in urine Module 3 Chemical Reactions Substrates and products analogy The factory produces shoes, thus its product is shoes. The factory uses rubber, leather, canvas, and metal to make the shoes, thus, they are the substrates used to make the product. As you make more product, you use more substrate... as you use more substrate, you make more product. Pyruvate being converted to Acetyl-CoA Pyr -> Acetyl CoA pyruvate CoA-SH NAD NADH CO2 acetyl CoA S COA pyruvate comes from Glycolysis in the sarcoplasm the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction is pyruvate DeHydrogenase (PDH) PDH is found within the mitochondria The chemical rxn that allows the release of energy (to contract a muscle) from ATP catalyzed to ATPase ATP + H2O <-> ADP + pi + H+ The aspect that is left out is the energy that is released when ATPase breaks down ATP to ADP ATP + H2O -> ADP + pi + H+ + Energy This equation proceeds both ways Which means ATPase can make ADP AND ATPase can make ATP and H2O (depending on circumstances) Energy is released when ATPase breaks ATP down to ADP