Gamete Production - Edubirdie

University:
Sam Houston State University
Course:
BIOL 1406 | General Biology I
Academic year:

2022
Views:

460

Pages:

11
Author:

danheartshanle

Gamete Production 2 I: Production of Gametes • A) Gametogenesis – 1. Ovaries produce ova • a) Oogenesis – 2. Testicles produce sperm • a) Spermatogenesis – 3. Sex cells divide by meiosis • a) Special cell division in which each new gamete(cell) carries only 1/2 the # of chromosomes a typical cell would in that species 3 I: Production of Gametes • B) Initial steps are similar between male and female – 1. Chromosomes replicate • a) Each is doubled – 2. Each pair comes together very accurately (synapsis) • a) Now called a primary oocyte or • b) Primary spermatocyte 4 II. Spermatogenesis • A. Primary Spermatocyte – 1. Contains 2 pair of chromosomes • a) Two bodies containing 4 structures – 2 rapid cell divisions produce 4 cells • a) Each ontain 2 chromosomes • b) Spermatid cells lose much of their cytoplasm & develop a tail 5 6 III: OOGENESIS • A. 1st maturation division – 1. Produce 1 large oocyte (secondary) & 1 small (1st Polar Body) • a) Unequal size results from body wanting one rich in nutrients @ the expense of the other • B. 2nd maturation division – 1. Produces the ovum • a) Polar bodies may divide but will soon die and be reabsorbed by the body 7 Unit 4, Lesson 13 - Gamete Production 8 IV: Fertilization • A) Fertilization is the union of sperm and ovum and the establishment of paired chromosomes – 1. Zygote is a diploid (Double) because chromosomes are in pairs • a) 1 member of each pair came from the sire and 1 from the dam 9 IV: Fertilization • B) Gametes have only one member of each pair. – 1. Haploid (Half) – 2. Gametogenesis reduces the # of chromosomes in a cell to 1/2 the diploid # – 3. Each gamete carries a random sampling 1/2 of each parents genetic code. – 4. Which sperm fertilizes the ovum is also random • a) This insures genetic diversity 10 11

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