Leadership Supplementary Materials

November 16, 2023, Sports Psychology In-class notes - - - Leadership o The behavioral process of influencing individuals and groups toward setting goals. o Moving and creating a direction to move the team. o Setting a strategy Power and Authority issue o Authority  The influence that you have because of your position within a system.  The person with the most authority is the person at the top- president of a sports team.  Argument between a star player and a coach- coach gets fired. o Power  The influence that you have is because of personal intangible forces.  Players have power because you cannot replace them- cannot replace the best player. Approaches to studying leadership. o Trait approach  Looking at personality characteristics- your traits  There can be some traits that are needed- but can always find an exception.  You can get this list of traits, but you still won’t be better at predicting good leadership- can fit the description but can’t lead. o Behavioral approach  Don’t look at their personality, look at what they do and how they go about coaching and leading- what do they actually do.  Exhibited consideration for the people they are leading- respect and mutual trust.  Create or initiate structure- how are we going to go about doing things.  Used positive feedback.  You give corrective feedback in developing skills- critical but accurate. o Interactional Approach  Where we take into consideration who the leader is and the situation they are in  Task oriented leaders  People who are primarily focused on you getting a job done.  Relationship  Trust and a relationship in you that you will get a job done- focus on individual relationships. o Contingency Model of Leadership  Where we look to see how a coaches style matches a situation or the players - -  It should depend on who they are leading-adapt. Sports specific models of leadership o Cognitive-mediation model  An individual athlete’s relationship with the coach  How do they understand each other  How does the athlete perceive or understand the coach  A coach’s behavior and the athlete’s evaluative response to her or his own actions combine to affect the athlete’s perception of the coach’s behavior.  A soccer player getting yelled at for ruining a play and you have a perception yourself that you made a mistake- this evaluation effects the way you see the coach- you agree with him that you were wrong- vs vice versa if you did not think you did anything wrong. o Not just the coaches’ actions but the players interpretation of his own performance o Multidimensional Model of Sport Leadership  This model says if you want to understand the effectiveness in leadership, the effectiveness of a leader depends on the characteristics of the athletes on the team and the constraints of the situation.  Certain coaches who have tremendous influence depending on the situation and vice versa Increasing communication awareness o Any communication requires a minimum of two people- the person conveying or giving is the encoder and the person receiving is the decoder. o We want to be mindful in communication- how do I communicate in a way for people to get my message. o What is the purpose- be clear about what am I trying to do. o What you say and the content, the timing and when, and the presentation of how all matter