University:
Seton Hall University
Course:
PSYC1219AA | Sports Psychology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

244

Pages:

2
Author:

Andrea B.

October 24, 2023, Sports Psychology In-class notes - - - - - Aggression o Any form of behavior directed towards the goal of harming or injuring another living being who is motivated to avoid such treatment. Hostile aggression o Where your primary goal is to inflict injury or harm on someone else  A fight Instrumental aggression o Any form of aggression or action that occurs in the quest for a nonaggressive goal.  Boxer or mixed martial artist It is not always clear what is acceptable aggression. What causes aggression? o The more testosterone you tend to be, the more aggressive. o Instinct theory  People have a biological instinct to be aggressive which builds up until it must be expressed.  Catharsis- releasing tension and then you calm down.  Crying  Tendency to build up and we must express it. o The frustration-aggression theory  Aggression is the direct result of frustration.  Aggression occurs when people are frustrated. o Social learning theory  People learn to be aggressive by observing others who model particular behaviors and then they get reinforcement for exhibiting the same behavior.  Does violence on television make people more violent? o The revised frustration-aggression theory/ cognitive neo association theory  We know that frustration does not always lead to aggression, but it increases the likelihood of aggression, and you will see aggression when they’ve learned socially that it is acceptable.  Someone trash talks your family and punching them is justified. o The general aggression model.  It is hard to predict when aggression will show up because it is a mix of several factors including negative emotions, personality, and social environment. Enforcer in hockey example Kermit Washington example - - Special consideration for aggression in sports o Spectators  Do the fans get more aggressive as the game gets more aggressive?  When the game was boring the fans got irritated with each other o Game reasoning  You think of your aggressiveness during sports differently than you do anywhere else.  Bracketed morality  Morality in my life vs. everything goes in competition. o Injuries  The more injuries show up the lower your overall product is and interest. o General athletic performance  When you allow more aggression, you bring in more athlete- enforcers and Kermit Washington- players will be drafted to deal with aggression. o Moral atmosphere of a team  Different norms, coaches set the tone. Aggression is most likely to occur when they are frustrated, losing, bad officiating. How do we modify it o Cultural atmosphere a coach creates. How do we teach appropriate behavior o What do I do or cope with when I get frustrated- reinforce that behavior How do we control spectator aggression’ o Control consumption of alcohol o Penalize spectators. o Officials who do not tolerate unacceptable aggression- penalties o Work with the media