Signification of Emerging Viruses

alles Signification of emerging viewes Ebola, Nipah Hanta and Zika Vizu Ebola vious: Introduction Ebola is an enveloped virve very big in size, Branched, filaments virus It containe RNA as genetic material →The gename [RNA] which is single stranded linear and negative sense with helical capsid Ebola virus is a dangerous, life threatening virus which nade to impaired blood clotting and widespread hemorrhage Causative Agent: →Bats are believed to be the main Reservors for ebola Virog Transmission:- -Direct contact with an infected bat (or) a sick/dead person with ebola virut Ebata Virus Symptoms:- →It is a highly fatal condition, whichisinitially doesn't present with symptoms untis 10 days offer infection. patients develop fta tike symptoms with; • Fever • Headaches Muscle pain. • fatigue →Eventually, problems with blood clotting onse and patients develop Severe herrentaging. Average incubation period-todays, Incubation period can range from 2 to n days. As the disease progrestes, patients display Heamatemesis and Hemeptysis. - paliente begin to show bleeding troon vasiour mucous membianes Such a mouth, nose and eyes. ds blood clotting is impaired, patients are molt prone to Sein bauling Other Skin manifestationis include petechiae, purpura, hematomat and Jaundice. Even Internal organt progresively begin to hemorrhage. Bieding occurs most in the GI tract, but multiorgan disfunction Syndrome happene lata rath the discuse proctus. This trode to organ liquefaction and Toralment: M present, there is no cure for Ebola virus, although Jeudies are going on to try to find vaccine/medication for treating ebola virus. Ebola virus symptoms manage by fluids and electrocytes oxygen supplementation Blood pressure medications Blood transfusions MAPP for treating ebola virus. There is a doug named emapp which might help to treat Ebola virus but this is an untested drug on people Prevention:- →Maintain personal hygiene [Eg: wash hands with soagwater, →wear protective clothing air of Alcohol base sonttijer). Avoid direct contact with bodies of people who have died from Conflamed/suspected infection. Avoid contact with non-human primales and bats 2. Nipah Vous (NIN): Introduction: →The Scientifke name of Nipah visus is Henipaviour. Nipak Virus is ann Sense RNA Wave. enveloped, non-segmented, negotive → in emerging vows that can cause * Severe Reuptratory illness and * →But breaks occur almost annually in parts of lig Primarily Bangladesh and India. Leally encephalitis in humans Niv is fast Identified in 1998 during out break in malaysia- Causative Agent:- If 16 a bat boane viruses that causes Nipah Virus Infection in humans and other animals. Route of Transmission: Nipah vios (NTN) 18 a Roonotic virus (it is fancoiltted from animals to humans) and con alto fransmitted through •Contaminated food as water Transsettled via fruite contarsinated by infected bats (fo'l bats) • Thaough direct contact with infected ammal and people. Incubation period: →The Incubation period (interval from infection to the enter of sympromests believed to range from 4 to 19 days. Symplome →common symptome of Nipah virus are Cough • Sore throat Muscle pote • Gredness (tolique) Torament - Bers no faralment convoicine avaliable fou eltha people on animate. primary treatment for human is supportive came Including rest, hydration and treatment of. syupreme as they occur. Specifthe prevention - hygiene matatanence (ie, practice hand swashing regularly colth soap and water] Aveld contact with sick hats and arras whore bats come known to roost . Auld eating (drinking products that could be contaminated birg batt, Such as raw date palm sap, row frutt os fruite thel is found on the ground. 3 HANTA VIRUS Intraduction:- The hanta Vious first isolated in 1976 to korea from -Hanta Viaus belongs to family Bunyavhidae. →hey are single stranded, negative Sense RNA Cliculan, Taple Segeranted be, genomes that are divided into 3 segmente The & as Large Styment encades a replicative enzyme RNA-dependent RNA polymerase The in fronddie] segreent encodes the envelope glycoproteine G3G, and the segment encodes the nuctescapered protein. Causative Agent: Ractents core the causative agents for Hanta Virve Route of Transmission: vie korre transmission le humans ger affected by aerosols of andent evereta (focus), akine, saliva (or) - View in mainly transmitted to people when they breath in air contaviinated with the u Nate :- person to person transmisian is way Zamely It Covers: * Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome [HERS] 3. Hunan pulmonary syndrome [HPS] 3. Hemorrhagic fever with renal Syndrome (HrRs): Hemonhagle fevent are infectious disease that cause severe, Life-threathing liness. They can damage the walls of tiny blood vessels making them leak and can hamper the blood's ability to Clot → Renal syndrome) kidney disorder that caves the body to excrete too much protein in the urine and leads 10 Renal failiore. Clinical features of HERE: High fever • Abdominal pain and bleeding • petechiae • Inbavascular coagulation GI Manifestations [symptoms) Nausea • Vomiting • Dlanhea • Human pulmonary syndrome [HR]: → It reftis to longs → It is an vave infectious disease that begins with flu tike Symptoms and progresses rapidly to prone Severe clisease and sometimes Haches to lungs. If can lead to life-threatening lung and heat probleent This disease is also called haniovisue cardipulmonary Syndrome [HCPS] Clinical feature (Symptoms) of HPS/HERE: ingh grade fever • myalgia • Headache Respiratory Symptoma envaled heast rate • Raped bacatling • Нуролга Treatment: →No vaccines (meditation Supportive case (nest, hydration with adequate Da Supply to patients) →Ribavirin - antiviral doug is given. Puvention: →Redent Control Cuse of Rodent Repellent) → spray bleaching wart (ie, s part of bleach in aparts of water) →come must be taten while cleaning infected feces. 4) ZIKA VIRUS: Introduction:- Zika Virus disease is caused by vous transmitted Primarity by Aedes mosquitoes. Zika vous is an enveloped vous → It contains RNA as genetic material, single stranded, positive Inte Causative Agent mosquitoes core the Causative agent for ikка Route of Transmission- . Veelar bone by Aedes Egypti moxullo le, zina vow is trancostted to people primarily through the bite of an infected mosquito. •Transplacental bammission le, transmission of a virus from viethes to faefui via placenta. Sexual hanariasion Clinical Signa Most cases are Asymptomatic If symptomatic, the incubation porod 6-14 days. Styropt ans are Fever low grade flu-like symptoms Arthralgia - Joint Stefoss -murde aches pas malgia - malaise discomfort, Pilness Non-porulent-Not Containing any pue Rach prunte Rach- Itchy Complications:- 1. Guillain-Barre Synchome 2. congenital zina syndrome 3. miscarriages-lous of a pregnancy before 1 to 20th wed a) microcephaly -Nentriculomegaly spactia city disenso news ar healing loss occular manifestation 2, Guillain-Barre syndrome →A condition in which the immune system attacks the heave →Symptoms start as the dearness and tingling In feets and legs that spread to the upper body. →paralysis can occur pain areas: muscles mustulos mutele weakness, abnormality walking and weakness of the legs sohale body: fatiguri high blood Pressure "Heart: Abnormal heart Rhythm (os) fact heart ite 2, Congenital zira syndromes Bisth defects the syndrome 16 of 5 types e, microcephaly:- Rame neuro developmental disorder 14., Brain growth of baby retarde in pregnancy after giving birth. intituleringaly: It is a Condition to which test it on otenet the brate ventaicies are longer due to build up of cerchand fuid & Spasticity: It is a condition in which there is an abnormal Incazase in muscle stone as stiffness of muecie, which might notatal with movement of speech to be associated with discomfast / pain →spasticity is usually caused by damage to reve pathnaye within the beaten Spinal Cord that control muscle moment. d. Sensory Neural beasing laser Hearing lose caused by damage to the inner tar c) the nerve From the cos to the brain. Es occulas manifestation: An eye condition that directly indirectly results from a disease →dry eye, teasing Mching, redness, eye pain, heamentoge Outbrak Region South America, cential America, Southevi ve Treatment. No definitive therapy presention:- Insect Repellend Vells Control Awood unproteded sex-