CPCE Practice Exam Guide

CPCE practice exam In the early 1920s, the counseling profession consisted primarily b. vocational guidance counseling. Culture is understood to be the background of patterns, languages, psychological factors, and biological factors of a person. Erikson's psychosocial developmental theory is an example of a discontinuous, active theory is considered the father of career guidance and the counseling profession. Frank Parsons Which of the following models of resistance is behavioral? noncompliance Institutional barriers to group work may include all the following EXCEPT resistant group members William Wundt is known for founding one of the first psychological laboratories to conduct experimental research 8. A construct, such as a treatment group, that can be manipulated in a study is most often referred to as a(n) variable. independent Ethical principles that counselors are required to follow are called Mandatory ethics The tripartite model of multicultural counseling competencies includes each of the following components EXCEPT an etic perspective. For a researcher who has limited time and a low budget, the _____ research design might be most appropriate. cross sectional The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 was NOT responsible for enforcing workplace safety and health standards A professional counselor consults with an experienced colleague about some problems she has encountered while working with a particular client. She is completely reliant on her colleague's expertise to help her move forward with her client. Which consultation model does this represent? Triadic-dependent In group work, confidentiality is the ethical requirement of group leaders but not group members A(n) does not compare an individual score to a norm group but relies on the judgment of the professional counselor to interpret the data non standardized test Whereas 1 million white swans can indicate that all swans are white, one brown swan can falsify it." That is, we can only approximate truth. This description refers to the paradigm. post positivism Accreditation is NOT involuntary Judging someone's worth by how closely he or she resembles European Americans is termed colorism What part of the brain regulates emotions and motivation? limbic system is an example of an occupation Professional Counselor Observing clients' verbal and nonverbal communication and verbally conveying empathy and understanding of clients' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are all important elements of reflecting Group members' personal goals are generally overt Under the a 3~year-old child who is suspected of having a disability is guaranteed to receive testing at the expense of the public school system. Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA) Researchers compared students' scores under Curriculum A Which of the following most represents a quasi-experimental dewith a matched comparison group and found better achievement sign for Curriculum A. is NOT one of the five principal ethics of the counseling profession. Constancy is (are) are based on biology, and includets) societal expectations of behavior. Sex roles: gender roles Classical conditioning was developed by Ivan Pavlov 1 / 11 Individuals who demonstrate high career adaptability demonstrate a. concern for their future work life. b. confidence to pursue career goals. c. curiosity for exploring career possibilities. d. All of the above. d. All of the above Freud contended that each individual possesses all of the following types of consciousness EXCEPt a. preconscious mind. b. conscious mind. c. unconscious mind. d. subconscious mind d. A group is primarily remedial. a. psychotherapy b. counseling c. psychoeducational d. task a If a professional counselor would like to read critical test reviews of the Beck Depression Inventory, the counselor would be most interested in the publication known as a. Tests. b. Mental Measurements Yearbook. c. Tests in Print, d. Standards/or Educational and Psychological Testing b. Mental Measurements Yearbook In a single-subject design, it is most important to a. have unequal time intervals between collections of baseline data. b. have the intervention be distinctive from what is naturally occurb. have the intervention be distinctive from what is naturally occurring for the subject. ring for the subject. c. randomly assign subjects to interventions. d. All of the above A client tells her counselor that she is currently receiving counseling services from another mental health professional. According to ACA's ethical code, the counselor should a. terminate the counseling relationship with the client. c. ask the client for permission to contact the other professional b. ask the client to choose and continue seeing only one counto establish a collaborative relationship. selor. c. ask the client for permission to contact the other professional to establish a collaborative relationship. d. not do anything. 34. is associated with meaningful experiences linked to a relationship with a divine entity, nature, or the universe, whereas . is more ritualistic and organized. a. Religion; spirituality b. Spirituality; religion c. Buddhism; Confucianism d. Christianity: Taoi Spirituality; religion Operant conditioning is based on the belief that learning depends on which behaviors are reinforced According to the theory of work adjustment. tenure refers to how long an individual will remain with a company At the core of individual psychology is the concept of social interest According to Kurt Lewin, theory Z refers to a Laissez-faire leadership style Which one of the following is true regarding reliability? a. Shorter tests are more reliable than longer tests. b. High reliability estimates are reported when test items vary greatly in content. c. The closer a reliability coefficient is to 0, the more reliable the instrument. d. Speed tests yield spuriously high reliability coefficients d. 2 / 11 is a sampling technique that involves identifying convenient, existing subgroups and then randomly selecting subgroups. Cluster sampling A counselor who is going through a divorce is ethically expected to stop providing counseling services if his or her emotions are likely to interfere with the ability to work with and help clients. Being able to revert to previous levels of functioning is termed resilience Interpreting new information in a way that alters a person's existing cognitive framework is called accommodation Katherine Briggs and Isabel Myers developed the Myers-Briggs type theory, which was derived from the work of Carl Jung. Jungian counselors help clients uncover elements of their unconscious minds through a. spirituality. b. dreams. c. culture. d. All of the above d.All if the above Showing group members the proper way to execute a specific skill or behavior to help them learn is called Modeling Validity refers to how accurately an instrument measures a given construct The degree to which extraneous variables may be controlled (to accurately measure the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables) refers to internal validity. Client records can be disposed of 5 years after the counseling relationship has ended is similar to a. Covert racism; extermination b. Physical attack; covert racism c. Avoidance; overt racism d. Overt racism; extermination Overt racism; extermination A family needs to buy a new car. It is having trouble deciding between two cars because both models are incredibly appealing to all family members. Which kind of conflict are they experiencing? Avoidance-avoidance conflict Gottfredson proposes that when the compromise is severe, individuals will sacrifice interest and prestige before gender roles At the core of cognitive therapy is the restructuring of clients' automatic thoughts Which of the following types of co-leadership is often used for mentoring purposes? a. Experience with experience b. Experience with inexperience c. Inexperience with inexperience d. All of the above Experience with inexperience Sensitivity, a term used in decision accuracy, refers to a. an instrument's ability to accurately identify the absence of a phenomenon. . b. the extent to which an instrument enhances the accuracy of prediction of a specific criterion. c. the ratio of total correct decisions divided by the total number of decisions. d. an instrument's ability to accurately identify the presence of a phenomenon. d. A professor concluded that the time students spent reading a research text predicted final examination scores. These results might come from a 3 / 11 a. comparative b. regression c. single-subject d. time-series b. regression A counselor hears one of her colleagues revealing confidential information about a client at a party. The first thing the counselor should do is a. file a report with an ethics committee. b. tell the colleague's client what happened. c. try to resolve the issue with the colleague informally. d. keep the knowledge private until the counselor can be certain that this is not an isolated incident c. Sabrina indicates that she is experiencing difficulty adjusting to leaving her own country and adapting to her host country's culture. She is very likely experiencing a. confiari:a stress. b. acculturative stress. c. model minority myth. d. dissociative disorder. b. A teacher notices that one of his students is having trouble understanding a new mathematical concept. To help the child, he provides her with additional examples, gives her hints, and uses questions to assist her in working through problems. Once it is clear that she is able to complete these problems on her own, he stops providing her with the example, hints, and questions he offered before. This technique is called a. shaping. b. positive reinforcement. c. zone of proximal development. d. scaffolding. d.scaffolding Which of the following is TRUE regarding Super's lifespan, lifespace career theory? a. The theory describes five life roles: child, student, parent, worker. and retiree. b. The theory outlines five developmental stages and 16 substages. c. The life-career rainbow illustrates how the self-concept changes and develops over time as individuals acquire experiences. d. The theory emphasizes the role gender and prestige play in making career decisions. b. "If I don't have a significant other or someone who is interested in dating me it means that I'm completely unlovable and undesirable." This is an example of what typc of distorted thinking? Dichotomous thinking A group member is encouraged by the leader to refrain from giving advice to other members and instead focuses on self-disclosing about her own life. This member feels exceedingly uncomfortable talking about her life and prefers to try to help others solve their problems. This individual is experiencing a. role ambiguity. b. role dissonance. c. role conflict. d. role overload c. Which of the following is NOT an example of a measurement occurring on a nominal scale? a. Socioeconomic status b. Gender a. 4 / 11 c. Ethnicity d. Eye color In a frequency distribution, the sums of the frequencies for all intervals will the total number of scores in the sample. a. exceed b. equal c. be less than d. be less than or equal to b In a frequency distribution, the sums of the frequencies for all intervals will the total number of scores in the sample. a. exceed b. equal c. be less than d. be less than or equal to d. A stressor that affects international students with greater frequency than other groups is a. low self-worth. b. terminal illness. c. language. d. substance abuse c. memory only retains information for I or 2 seconds. a. Short-term b. Long-term c. Executive d. Sensory sensory Gelatt proposed that a career decision can be terminal or investigatory. An investigatory career decision a. is final. b. calls for additional information. e. is prescriptive. d. is not recommended by Gelatt. b. Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of Gestalt therapy') a. Helping clients identify and attend to their most pressing needs b. Helping clients make appropriate contact and withdrawal from their environments c. Helping clients identify exceptions to their problems d. Helping clients resolve their unfinished busines c. Which of the following resources is commonly used by leaders to teach members about appropriate self-disclosure? a. Sharing diagram b. Hill interaction matrix c. Self-disclosure guidelines d. Johari window d. The standard error of measurement a. can be used to report validity. b. is a measure of central tendency. c. is the standard deviation of an individual's repeated test scores when administered the same instrument multiple times. d. represents an individual's true test score. C. The central goal of is to describe holistically a culture or cultural group. a. ethnography h. grounded theory c. phenomenology d. critical study a Which of the following did NOT lead to the development of vocational guidance? a. World War I b. Industrial Revolution A. 5 / 11 c. Social reform movements d. None of the above. All led to the development of vocational guidance The three phases of trauma counseling include all of the following EXCEPT a. Remembrance and mourning. b. Establishing a safe environment. c. Reconnection with ordinary life. d. Engaging in anger management. D A child who has a low vocabulary for her age and trouble forming sentences may have a. a phonological disorder. b. a problem with stuttering. c. an expressive language disorder. d. a mixed receptive-expressive language disorder. C A child who has a low vocabulary for her age and trouble forming sentences may have a. a phonological disorder. b. a problem with stuttering. c. an expressive language disorder. d. a mixed receptive-expressive language disorder. B. Humanistic-existential counselors a. avoid interpreting or analyzing clients' motives or behavior. b. focus on the present rather than the past. c. believe that clients should direct counseling sessions. d. All of the above D. It may be appropriate to interpret in a group member during group time. a. resistance b. sarcasm c. monopolization d. All of the above D. A is calculated by dividing the number of correct test items by the total number of test items. a. percentile rank b. raw score c. standard score d. percentage score d. The assessment of the ongoing progress of a program is referred to as a(n) a, needs assessment. b. process evaluation. b. Under FERPA, which of the following is NOT true about directory information') a. It includes students' honors and awards. b. It includes students' grades and test scores. c. Schools are required to send an annual notice to parents, andlor students regarding directory information. d. Schools can release directory information without student and/or parent consent. B Characteristics such as facial expression, posture, characteristics of movement, gestures, and eye contact are a. kinesics. b. paralanguage. c. chronemics. d. proxernics. A woman who is unhappy with her marriage accuses her husband of wanting a divorce, even though he has never shown any indication of wanting to take such a course of action. What defense 6 / 11 mechanism is the wife displaying? a. Projection b. Reaction formation c. Displacement d. Rationalization A Which of the following career assessments does not use Holland's six personality types? a. Vocational Preference Inventory b. Self-Directed Search c. Campbell Interest and Skill Survey d. Strong Interest Inventory Campbell Interest and Skill Survey do not have any desire to change and are unwilling to admit that a problem exists. a. Customers b. Visitors c. Complainants d. Preservers visitors A is NOT an example of a planned theme group. a. grief and loss group b. growth group for adolescent females c. social skills group d. divorce group b. It a student scored a 48 on an exam for which the mean was 56 and the standard deviation was 4, what can be said about the student's score? a. The score fell two standard deviations below the mean. b. The score fell close to the 95th percentile. c. The score fell two standard deviations above the mean. d. The score fell at The score fell two standard deviations below the mean. An example of research is examining the relationship between number of play therapy sessions and children's behavioral problems. a. quantitative b. qualitative c. single-subject research design d. None of the above. A. In regard to IDEA, all of the following terms apply EXCEPT a. least restrictive environment. b. impairment of a major life activity. c. free appropriate public education. d. individualized education plan. B. According to the Hardiman's white racial identity development model, the stage is characterized by a conscious belief in the democratic ideal that everyone has an opportunity to succeed. a. naivete b. acceptance c. resistance d. redefinition Acceptance Which of the following is a true statement about selfactualization? a. Self-actualization usually occurs during middle adulthood, ifat all. b. Self-actualization can only be achieved when all of the lower needs on Maslow's hierarchy have been met. c. Some people never become self-actualized. d. All of the above D. Which career inventory assesses the psychological barriers that adults may face during a career transition, as well as the resources 7 / 11 individuals possess to make a successful transition? a. Career Orientation Placement and Evaluation Survey (COPES) b. Transition-to- Work Inventory c. Career Development Inventory d. Career Transitions Inventory D. A skeleton key in solution-focused brief counseling is a. a technique that can be used to help all clients, no matter what their presenting problem. h. a technique that encourages clients to look for times when their problem does not occur or is less severe. c. a technique that is specifically designed for clients based on their unique situation. d. None of the above. A. If co-leaders are used, the group size a. should stay the same. b. should be reduced. c. can be increased by over 50%. d. None of the above. C. Deviation IQ scores have a. a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of I. b. a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 50. c. a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. d. a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. D. An agency counselor interviews adolescents, then administers a survey packet to them. This is an example of _ research. a. concurrent exploratory b. concurrent explanatory c. sequential exploratory d. sequential explanatory C. In some states, minors who have reached a specified age can agree to receive certain services (e.g., counseling) without parental consent. These laws are called a. youth consent laws. b. minor consent laws. c. informed minor laws. d. juvenile consent laws. B. Internal locus of control (IC) refers to a. people's ability to shape their own fate. b. a fatalistic perspective. c. self-worth. d. people's ability to control their level of self-esteem. A. Children who have disorganized attachments to their caregivers would display which of the following kind of behavior? a. They would feel securely attached to their caregivers and become upset on separation from their caregivers. b. They would not display much expression on separation from caregivers and would seem puzzled on their return. c. They would not pay attention to either the departures or the returns of their caregivers. d. They would act clingy when caregivers leave and becom B factors influence occupational projections. a. Technological b. Economic c. Population d. All of the above. D. A counselor asks a family member to physically arrange his or her family members in the room to help better understand family 8 / 11 dynamics. This technique is called a. family sculpting. b. the pretend technique. c. an enactment. d. an ordeal. A It is most important that pregroup interviews involve a. icebreakers. b. the presentation of an informed consent agreement. c. high levels of member interaction. d. None of the above B Which of the following is a characteristic of Raymond Cattell's term crystallized intelligence? a. Innate ability that is not influenced by experience or education b. Intelligence that is gained through learning and is greatly affected by life experiences and culture c. Decreases with age d. Consists of reasoning abi lity, memory capacity, and speed of information processing. B A(n) hypothesis is designed to consider extraneous or additional independent variables. a. null b. research c. alternative d. organismic C help clients with disabilities live more independently and find employment. a. Rehabilitation counselors b. School counselors c. Occupational therapists d. Clinical mental health counselors A I never felt Chinese. I was always surrounded by my mother's family from Puerto Rico, often traveling there, and speaking Spanish with my friends at school. The only Chinese people we knew were the delivery men." This statement most closely reflects the stage in Poston's ( 1990) model of biracial identity development. a. personal identi ty b. choice of group categorization c. enmeshment/denial d. integration A Morality is judged by a person's intentions in the _ stage of Piager's theory of moral development. a. moral realism b. prernoral c. moral intentionality d. moral relativism D The is published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and provides occupational information on 270 broad occupations that are grouped into II different career clusters. a. Standard Occupational Classification System (SOC) b. Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH) c. Occupational Information Network (O*NET) d. Guidefor Occupational Exploration (GOE) B A wel1-functioning family develops, first and foremost, from a strong a. sibling subsystem. b. spousal subsystem. c. parental subsystem. d. All of the above. B. 9 / 11 Member resistance is an example of a. a contraindication to group work. b. process dynamics. c. a structural issue. d. a leader sty Ie issue B. The is the most well-known intelligence test, whereas the is the most widely used intelligence test. a. Stanford Achievement Test; Wide Range Achievement Test b. Wechsler Scale; Stanford-Binet c. Stanford Achievement Test; Wechsler Scale d. Stanford-Binet: Wechsler Scale D. You tind a significant relationship between socioeconomic status and a particular mental health disorder. You can conclude that a. socioeconomic status causes a mental health disorder. b. the relationship between socioeconomic status and the mental health disorder is proven. c. socioeconomic status and the mental health disorder may be associated. d. socioeconomic status shares variance with ethnicity. C Mental health practitioners from diverse specializations differ primarily in the a. types of problems they address. b. their ultimate goals for clients. c. the types of treatment they are trained to use. d. All of the above. C. Which of the following is NOT typically experienced during the coming-out process? a. The individual's relationships with friends are not seriously affected. b. The individual feels an overwhelming sense of isolation. c. The individual has feelings of anger, rejection, and grief. d. The individual, who is emotionally and financially dependent 011 family, has less access to appropriate role models in the GLBT community. A Children generally begin talking a. at 6 months. b. between 7 and 12 months. c. at 12 months. d. between 13 and 18 months. B During the beginning phase of career counseling. the counselor a. establishes the therapeutic alliance. b. reviews the client's progress and prepares the client for future challenges. c. develops an action plan and provides interventions to address the client's concerns. d. proposes and implements several interventions that address the client's concerns. A In a family counseling session, the counselor notices that the father sits between his two children while the mother sits off to the side. A common theme that emerges during the session is that the father allows the children to override the mother in making many important family decisions. To begin to csrabl ish a more appropriate hierarchy, the counselor asks the father to sit by his wife. This technique is called a. unbalancing. b. restructuring. c. family SCUlpting. d. an ordeal A 10 / 11 High levels of group cohesion can result in a. increased attendance. b. increased self-disclosure. c. increased effectiveness of the group. d. All of the above. D . The Myers-Briggs type indicator is a. based on Carl Jung's psychological types. b. used to assess for clinical symptomatology. c. written at a fourth-grade reading level. d. All of the above A If participants' scores are approximately equaJly distributed across a set of test score values, the data distribution is likely a. platykurtic. b. rnesokurtic. c. leptokurtic. d. bimodal A Professional associations do NOT a. provide professional development opportunities. b. license counselors. c. publish journals. d. engage in advocacy B European Americans likely possess what type of time orientation? a. Past b. Present c. Future d. None of the above C Children who have parents are often rebellious and low achievers. a. authoritative b. permissive c. authoritarian d. uninvolved C. The majority of career interventions used in the United States are driven by a. collectivism. b. inequity. c. aftluence. d. the notion that leisure is a salient aspect of people's lives. C Arnold Lazarus is responsible for the development of 131. Which of the following is NOT one of the five dimensions of wellness in the indivisible self-model? a. eye movement desensitization and reprocessing. b. multi modal therapy. c.eclectic counseling. d. transactional analysis. B _conflict can lead to growth within groups. Moderate Based on the risk factors associated with committing suicide,which client is LEAST likely to commit suicide? 31-year-old divorced Asian female who reports feelings of hopelessness and has a low tolerance for psychological pain. 11 / 11