University:
University of North Carolina Wilmington
Course:
PSY 105 | General Psychology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

289

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J I

MOTOR LEARNING TRANSFER, INTERFERENCE, AND MEMORY PSYCHOLOGY I. Motor Learning Transfer and Interference 1. Generalization and Transference  Generalization: Behavior changes influence past experiences and future learning.  Transference: Transfer of previous learning experiences from task A to task B.  Motor Learning Transfer: Influence of one learning process on another. 2. Types of Learning Transfer  Positive Transfer: Earlier experiences facilitate current learning (e.g., ice skating to inline skating).  Negative Transfer: Learning an earlier task hinders acquiring a new task (e.g., two-handed to one-handed backhand in tennis).  Null Transfer: No influence of an earlier task on current learning (e.g., volleyball serve to unicycling).  Relearning: Necessary when new techniques or equipment enter a sport domain (e.g., ski jumping styles, sport equipment). 3. Interference  Interference: Learning processes can interfere, inhibit, or cancel each other out.  Retroactive Interference: Task A negatively affected by following Task B.  Proactive Interference: Task A makes it difficult to acquire or relearn Task B.  Interference effects explained by task similarity. II. Fundamentals of Memory Psychology 1. Early Work of Hermann Ebbinghaus  Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885) studied memorization of lists of meaningless syllables.  Investigated memory duration and forgetting (Forgetting Curve).  Everyday situations involve memory for verbal information, recognizing people, places, and reproducing motor skills. 2. Representation of Knowledge  Knowledge is stored in memory as names or concepts assigned to category systems.  Category systems have vertical (inclusiveness) and horizontal categories at the same level of inclusiveness) dimensions.  Two approaches: Prototype Theory and Exemplar Theory.  Prototype Theory: Categories represented by a prototype, and new exemplars are compared to it.  Exemplar Theory: New exemplars compared with all exemplars in a category, without relying on a prototype. (different Key Takeaways  Motor learning transfer involves the influence of prior learning on new learning experiences.  Interference occurs when one learning process interferes with another, explained by task similarity.  Memory psychology explores how knowledge is represented and stored in human memory, with two main theories: Prototype Theory and Exemplar Theory.