BCG, DPT combo, Polio and Measles Immunization

BCG, DPT combo, Polio and Measles immunization 1. Understanding Immunization is an effort to provide immunity to babies and children against certain diseases, while vaccines are germs or germ poisons that are inserted into the baby/child's body which are called antigens BCG immunization is a live vaccination given to babies to prevent occurrence of TB disease. The Combo vaccine is a Bio Farma product that is capable of causing seroprotection (immunity) against diphtheria,tetanus ,pertussis , and hepatitis B which is as good as the seroprotection provided by the DPT or hepatitis B vaccine given in a single dose. Polio immunization is a live vaccination given to babies to prevent Poliomyelitis (polio). The measles vaccine comes from the killed measles virus (the measles virus is in a formalin solution mixed with aluminum salt). 2. Goals To prevent the occurrence of certain diseases in someone, and eliminate certain diseases in a group of people (population) or even eliminate certain diseases from the world. BCG :As a reference in providing Bacillus Calmette ‒ Guerin (BCG) immunization so that children have resistance to Tuberculosis (TBC). DPT :As a reference in providing DPT immunization so that children have resistance to Diptheria (whooping cough). Polio: As a reference in providing polio immunization so that children have resistance to polio Measles : As a reference in providing measles immunization so that children have resistance to measles. 3. Preparation of Tools and Materials a. BCG b. DPT c. Polio d. Measles 4. Work Procedures a. Inform in detail about the risks of vaccination and the risks of not being vaccinated b. Recheck preparations for carrying out services if unexpected side reactions occur c. Read carefully the information about the product (vaccine) that will be given, don't forget about the approval that has been given d. Carry out questions and answers with parents or caregivers before immunization e. Review whether there are any contraindications to the vaccine that will be given f. Check the identity of the vaccine recipient and administer antipyretics if necessary g. Check the type of vaccine and be sure that the vaccine has been stored properly h. Check the vaccine to be given for signs of change, check the expiration date and note anything special, for example a change in color indicates damage. i. Ensure that the vaccine will be given according to schedule and other vaccines for immunization will also be offered if needed j. Administer the vaccine using the correct technique, namely regarding the choice of syringe, the angle of the syringe, the location of the injection and the position of the vaccine recipient k. After administering the vaccine, instruct parents or caregivers on what to do in the event of a common reaction or a more severe side reaction. l. Record immunizations in personal medical records and in clinical notes m. Check other family members' immunization status and offer vaccinations to catch up if necessary n. In situations carried out for large groups, detailed arrangements vary, but the recommendations remain as above and adhering to hygienic principles, a valid consent letter and examination/assessment before immunization must be carried out ACTIVITY A. Attitude 1. Greet clients in a friendly and polite manner then introduce yourself 2. Explain implementation procedures to clients 3. Maintain client privacy B. Content 4. Wash hands with soap and running water, dry with a clean towel (7 step principle) 5. Prepare tools and bring them closer to clients 6. BGC: oDissolve the vaccine with BCG solvent 1 ampoule (4 cc) oMake sure your child has never had BCG ask the child's parents oTake 0.05 cc of the BCG vaccine that we have dissolve it oClean the arm with the cotton that has been used wet with clean water, do not use alcohol/ disinfectant because it will damage the vaccine oInject one third of the vaccine upper right arm (precisely at the insertion of the deltoid muscle) intracutaneously (ic) / under the skin DPT: oExplain to the child's mother the child's age (2-11 months) 3x number of injections for this DPT immunization oTake 0.5 cc of DPT vaccine oClean the outer 1/3 of the thigh with cotton which has been wetted with clean water oIntramuscular or subcutaneous injection o Explain to the child's mother about fever due to DPT, give fever-reducing / antipyretic medication to the child's mother if the child has a high fever (more than 390c) Polio: oMake sure the polio vaccine is in good condition (pay attention to the number, expiration date and vvm / vaccine vial monitor) oOpen the vaccine cover using tweezers/ small scissors oPlace the pipette on the vaccine bottle oPlace the child in a comfortable position Possible oOpen the child's mouth and instill the volio vaccine as much as 2 drops oMake sure of the vaccine by immunized children oIf the child vomits or expels it, repeat the drip again oWhen dripping the vaccine into the mouth, so that the vaccine remain in sterile condition Measles: oMake sure the vaccine is in good condition (no bact / exp/vvm) oOpen the vaccine cover using tweezers o Dissolve with measles solvent already available (5 cc) oMake sure the child is the right age for immunization measles (9 months) oTake 0.5 cc of the measles vaccine dissolved earlier oClean the child's left upper arm with cotton that has been soaked in clean water oSub injection (sc) 7. Tidying up the patient 8. Tidy up the tools used 9. Wash your hands with soap and running water then dry your hands with a clean towel 10. Document the results of actions